Inês Dutra

Abstract
Association Football is probably the world's most popular sport. Being able to characterise and compare football players is therefore a very important and impactful task. In this work we introduce spatial flow motifs as an extension of previous work on this problem, by incorporating both temporal and spatial information into the network analysis of football data. Our approach considers passing sequences and the role of the player in those sequences, complemented with the physical position of the field where the passes occurred. We provide experimental results of our proposed methodology on real-life event data from the Italian League, showing we can more accurately identify players when compared to using purely topological data.

Abstract
Breast cancer is currently one of the main causes of death and tumoral diseases in women. Even if early diagnosis processes have evolved in the last years thanks to the popularization of mammogram tests, nowadays, it is still a challenge to have available reliable diagnosis systems that are exempt of variability in their interpretation. To this end, in this work, the design and development of an intelligent clinical decision support system to be used in the preventive diagnosis of breast cancer is presented, aiming both to improve the accuracy in the evaluation and to reduce its uncertainty. Through the integration of expert systems (based on Mamdani-type fuzzy-logic inference engines) deployed in cascade, exploratory factorial analysis, data augmentation approaches, and classification algorithms such as k-neighbors and bagged trees, the system is able to learn and to interpret the patient’s medical-healthcare data, generating an alert level associated to the danger she has of suffering from cancer. For the system’s initial performance tests, a software implementation of it has been built that was used in the diagnosis of a series of patients contained into a 130-cases database provided by the School of Medicine and Public Health of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, which has been also used to create the knowledge base. The obtained results, characterized as areas under the ROC curves of 0.95–0.97 and high success rates, highlight the huge diagnosis and preventive potential of the developed system, and they allow forecasting, even when a detailed and contrasted validation is still pending, its relevance and applicability within the clinical field.

Abstract
Breast cancer is currently one of the main causes of death and tumoral diseases in women. Even if early diagnosis processes have evolved in the last years thanks to the popularization of mammogram tests, nowadays, it is still a challenge to have available reliable diagnosis systems that are exempt of variability in their interpretation. To this end, in this work, the design and development of an intelligent clinical decision support system to be used in the preventive diagnosis of breast cancer is presented, aiming both to improve the accuracy in the evaluation and to reduce its uncertainty. Through the integration of expert systems (based on Mamdani-type fuzzy-logic inference engines) deployed in cascade, exploratory factorial analysis, data augmentation approaches, and classification algorithms such as k-neighbors and bagged trees, the system is able to learn and to interpret the patient's medical-healthcare data, generating an alert level associated to the danger she has of suffering from cancer. For the system's initial performance tests, a software implementation of it has been built that was used in the diagnosis of a series of patients contained into a 130-cases database provided by the School of Medicine and Public Health of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, which has been also used to create the knowledge base. The obtained results, characterized as areas under the ROC curves of 0.95-0.97 and high success rates, highlight the huge diagnosis and preventive potential of the developed system, and they allow forecasting, even when a detailed and contrasted validation is still pending, its relevance and applicability within the clinical field.

Abstract
One of the areas with the potential to be explored in quantum computing (QC) is machine learning (ML), giving rise to quantum machine learning (QML). In an era when there is so much data, ML may benefit from either speed, complexity or smaller amounts of storage. In this work, we explore a quantum approach to a machine learning problem. Based on the work of Mari et al., we train a set of hybrid classical-quantum neural networks using transfer learning (TL). Our task was to solve the problem of classifying full-image mammograms into malignant and benign, provided by BCDR. Throughout the course of our work, heatmaps were used to highlight the parts of the mammograms that were being targeted by the networks while evaluating different performance metrics. Our work shows that this method may hold benefits regarding the generalization of complex data; however, further tests are needed. We also show that, depending on the task, some architectures perform better than others. Nonetheless, our results were superior to those reported in the state-of-the-art (accuracy of 84% against 76.9%, respectively). In addition, experiments were conducted in a real quantum device, and results were compared with the classical and simulator.

Abstract
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been successfully applied to images, text and audio, but their performance are not so good when applied to feature-based tabular data. Exceptions are works such as TabNet and DeepInsight, which employ end-to-end approaches. In this work, we propose an alternative way of using CNNs to model tabular data where knowledge is extracted from the feature space before being introduced to the network. Our strategy, Map-Optimize-Learn (MOL), changes the shape representation of samples in order to produce suitable input data for the CNN architecture. The strategy is applied to a real-world scenario of children and teenagers with cardiac pathology and compared against baseline and state of the art Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for tabular datasets. Preliminary results suggest that the strategy has potential to improve prediction quality of tabular data over end-to-end CNN methods and classical ML methods.