Abstract

Abstract
This article proposes the use of social representation theory to validate the structural model of structural equation modeling, thereby enhancing the understanding of the research object. To achieve this, it was employed action research to construct, implement, and confirm the practical feasibility of the metho-dological procedures described herein. This was accomplished through their practical application in a case analysis. It was possible to validate the structural model used in structural equation modeling by applying the proposed methodological procedures to a case involving the governance system construct. This validation opens the possibility for future research to use these procedures in conjunction to validate theoretical models and the causal relationships between their constructs. Therefore, the primary theoretical contribution of this paper is the proposition of a research methodology that combines social representation theory with structural equation modeling to validate the structural model. This approach reduces the risk of using the statistical method to confirm or refute a theoretical model whose causal relationships may not represent a reality supported by practice.

Abstract
The 5th International Conference on Production Economics and Project Evaluation ICOPEV 2022 held on 29th – 30th of September 2022 in Castelo Branco, Portugal, continues the series of annual events shaping the future of Project Evaluation and Selection. Projects compete for scarce resources and choosing the best allocation of these resources is a complex and challenging task that decision makers face every day. The conference has covered a broad range of important and timely issues related to business intelligence, innovation & technology, project management, knowledge & technology trans-fer, energy issues, decision support systems, cost management, sustainability, innovation, and entrepreneurship. ICOPEV 2022 also featured keynote sessions and round tables. Our deepest appreciation goes to all that put in a lot of hard work of all who are involved in making this conference a success, including the organizing staff at Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco and the sponsors. In this conference participated authors from ten countries, namely Brazil, China, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and United Kingdom. The technical program is the result of the dedication and efforts of 56 members of the Scientific Committee as well as 37 reviewers, who have greatly contributed to the success of the ICOPEV 2022 paper review process, with an acceptance rate of 80%. The 2022 edition is the 5th conference since the inaugural event held in Guimarães, Portugal in 2011. The ICOPEV conferences follow a tradition of a high scientific quality and an informal atmosphere that fosters innovative and open discussions between academia and industry. Based on the many high-quality contributions in the technical program and interesting discussions during the conference, we are sure that this year edition in Castelo Branco was a worthy successor of the previous ICOPEV events.

Abstract
The deviation of the demand levels of the modern LV distribution systems due to the more loads and distributed generations connected in the same grid leads to the loss of acceptable quality of voltage. These voltage quality problems occur in case of the high difference between the power of the loads and distributed generations in the same area. Accordingly, the high loading conditions lead to the bus voltage decrease while the bus voltage increment occurs in scenarios with the excess of generation. In this condition, the successful voltage stabilization in MV/LV substation can effectively suppress the deviations of the grid voltage values and increase the hosting capacity of the network. There are different custom power devices introduced in the literature which can provide the stabilization of voltage in the grids. In this paper, among the available tools, the application of Open-UPQC is examined in hosting capacity improvement maintaining a desired power quality level; this capability is provided through the successful voltage regulation in the different probable high/low loading scenarios in the grid. According to the results, while the uncoordinated operation of the series and shunt devices does not have the capability of stabilization of the base grid, the Open-UPQC has successfully maintained the voltage profile inside the limits in both the base case and in the presence of high load and PV penetration levels. It should be emphasized that the services of the Open-UPQC are provided in an economical and effective way making the solution strategy applicable in real-world cases. © 2023 IEEE.

Abstract
The use of 3D animations in medical education is becoming increasingly popular. Indeed, animations are an efficient way to present complex information, reducing time spent reading textbooks. Thus, in the educational contexts, animations can help students learn more efficiently, retain and better understand information. In addition to improving the learning experience, medical education is a highly important and necessary endeavor, as it can directly affect the lives of patients. These videos can be useful in emergency care instructions and provide information about how to administer CPR to a patient or help in forensic reconstructions; a doctor might explain a medical term to a patient in a friendly way, and they can also help patients understand complex procedures. We find it important to understand if students and schools, when challenged, take a role in their community preparedness for major health problems. Projects led by schools are addressed within educational scenarios focused on STEM education and developed under a relevant public health issue through their continuous engagement in open schooling approach. By implementing an educational scenario with a focus on 3D animation, and thus potentiate the use of this technology, we intend to help raise awareness on the public health theme.

Abstract
We investigate the fuzzy clustering of interval time series using wavelet variances and covariances; in particular, we use a fuzzy c-medoids clustering algorithm. Traditional hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering methods lead to the identification of mutually exclusive clusters whereas fuzzy clustering methods enable the identification of overlapping clusters, implying that one or more series could belong to more than one cluster simultaneously. An interval time series (ITS) which arises when interval-valued observa-tions are recorded over time is able to capture the variability of values within each interval at each time point. This is in contrast to single-point information available in a classical time series. Our main contribution is that by combining wavelet analysis, interval data analysis and fuzzy clustering, we are able to capture information which would otherwise have not been contemplated by the use of traditional crisp clustering methods on classical time series for which just a single value is recorded at each time point. Through simulation studies, we show that under some circumstances fuzzy c-medoids clustering performs better when applied to ITS than when it is applied to the corresponding traditional time series. Applications to exchange rates ITS and sea-level ITS show that the fuzzy clustering method reveals different and more meaningful results than when applied to associated single-point time series.