Abstract
This paper presents a solution for visualizing oil spills at sea by combining satellite data with virtual choreographies. The system enables dynamic, interactive visualization of oil slicks, reflecting their shape, movement, and interaction with environmental factors like currents and wind. High resolution geospatial data supports a multiplatform experience with aerial and underwater perspectives. This approach promotes independence, interoperability, and multiplatform compatibility in environmental disaster monitoring. The results validate virtual choreographies as effective tools for immersive exploration and analysis, offering structured data narratives beyond passive visualization especially valuable for mixed reality applications.

Abstract
In recent years, the development of Decision Support Systems (DSS) has played an instrumental role in the advancement of offshore renewable energy projects, particularly within the blue energy sector. Notwithstanding the technological advancements that have been made, the acceleration of such projects continues to be impeded by significant obstacles related to stakeholder engagement, feasibility assessment, and policy compliance. The objective of this study is to propose a design for a DSS for accelerating the construction of blue offshore energy platforms. This is to address the aforementioned challenges by integrating insights from stakeholder feedback and innovation trends. A participatory action study was conducted through a workshop with a diverse group of experts (n=20), including policymakers, practitioners, researchers, and public entities involved in offshore energy projects. The evaluation facilitated the determination of the DSS's efficacy in addressing user requirements and the identification of areas for enhancement. This study proposes a model for integrating stakeholder insights into technological solutions for offshore energy installations, thus offers significant contributions to the domain of sustainable blue energy development.

Abstract
Integrating citizen science with digital twin technology represents a significant development in oceanographic research and marine management. This paper examines how the Iliad project has successfully developed a comprehensive suite of digital twins of the ocean (DTOs) that leverage citizen science contributions to enhance data coverage, improve modelling accuracy, and foster public engagement with marine ecosystems. Through innovative technological solutions, including semantic interoperability frameworks, mobile applications, knowledge graphs, and gamification approaches, the project demonstrates the reciprocal benefits between citizen scientists, scientific research and digital twin ecosystems. The developments presented in this work illustrate how engaging the public in scientific research not only broadens the data foundation for digital twins but also creates pathways for citizens to gain valuable insights from these sophisticated digital representations of ocean environments.

Abstract
Developed within the Iliad Digital Twin of the Ocean (DTO) project, Coastal Crete provides advanced marine forecasting for oil spill detection and response. The system integrates satellite data, in-situ observations, and machine learning to predict oil spill trajectories and minimize environmental impacts. Using a multi-model approach, it combines WRF-DA, NEMO, and WAVEWATCH III models for high-resolution forecasts. Making use of Sentinel-1 SAR imagery, a deep learning approach was developed for near-real-time oil spill detection. The methodology is based on a U-net Neural Network, which is compared with the statistical methodology based on pythons' SNAPpy library. The operational forecasting system employs MEDSLIK-II for oil spill transport modeling and visualization via the GeoMachine platform, ensuring rapid decision-making for marine safety and environmental protection.

Abstract
The application of digital twin technology to the ocean is often referred to as Digital Twins of the Ocean (DTO). One notable initiative funded under Horizon Europe programs - Green Deal is the ILIAD - Digital Twin of the Ocean project. One of the objectives of ILIAD is to establish interoperable, data-intensive, and cost-effective DTO pilots. This paper focuses on one such pilot dedicated to environmental monitoring and water quality assessment associated with the OceanLab infrastructure in the Trondheim Fjord, Norway. This paper outlines the architecture and concept of the pilot while providing detailed insights into its application for various what-if scenarios. The scenario presented in this paper is a case study that analyzes the impact of a hypothetical oil spill at the Trondheim terminal. It focuses on the spread of surface oil over a 30-hour period using various pilot modules. The paper also discusses the potential replication of this study in another geographical location.