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The accumulation of many production units with small capacities and transforming them into a larger entity will make them visible in electricity market. Renewable based virtual power plant (VPP) in this paper is a wide energy management system that incorporates probabilistic wind and solar units, nonrenewable Distributed Generation (DG) units, and dispatchable loads. In an electricity market, a VPP optimizes its operating schedules in order to increase its economic efficiency. However, market uncertainties may influence the VPP's profit. In this paper, modelling the uncertainties is implemented by the proposed Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT). The mentioned scheduling problem is formulated in three operation modes: risk-neutral, risk-averse and risk-seeker. The risk-neutral mode focuses on optimizing the VPP in the day-ahead market. In the risk-averse mode, the robustness function is used under low market prices. Moreover, in the risk seeker mode, an opportunity function is used under higher market prices towards higher profit results. The proposed model allows the VPP to decide on the scheduling of its components and the optimal bids to the day-ahead market. Another purpose is to investigate the role of the renewable-based VPP in minimizing emission and maximizing profit in a two objective way. The IEEE 18-bus test system is utilized to simulate the proposed problem and analyse the results. The performance of the proposed problem is approved using different scenarios. Simulation results justify the advantages and necessities of the proposed problem.

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Global climate changes and the increase in average temperatures are some of the major contemporary problems that have not been considered in the context of external factors to increase accident risk. Studies that include climate information as a safety parameter in machine learning models designed to predict the occurrence of accidents are not usual. This study aims to create a dataset with the most relevant climatic elements, to get better predictions. The results will be applied in future studies to correlate with the accident history in a retail sector company to understand its impact on accident risk. The information was collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) climate database and computed by a wrapper method to ensure the selection of the most features. The main goal is to retain all the features in the dataset without causing significant negative impacts on the prediction score. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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