Abstract
Fault tolerance (FT) is a critical aspect of industry, where systems are susceptible to disturbance and faults. Traditional FT models, based on the centralization of information to handle fault episodes, no longer meet the current industrial models based on Cyber-physical Systems (CPS). Self-healing is a promising approach for FT in CPS, consisting of the individual competence of each component in detect, diagnose and recover from failures. With this in mind, this paper discusses the engineering of self-healing fault-tolerance in industrial CPS, analyzing the maturation process of this paradigm from the local model through collaboration models and later to self-organization features. The paper also discusses the main research challenges that self-healing FT faces during this process.

Abstract
RESUMO A estreita codificação da área acadêmica das ciências da educação, na sua inscrição e relação com contextos de trabalho, no âmbito da formação de professores, torna problemática a possibilidade de exercício profissional noutros contextos, pese embora a transversalidade caraterística desses saberes. Procura-se neste artigo, com base em um estudo efetuado com diplomadas/os nessa área e já inseridas/os no mundo do trabalho há um período não inferior a sete anos, construir tipos ideais que caraterizem as relações que as suas trajetórias profissionais mantêm com a formação de base, procurando elucidar os percursos que os sujeitos são efetivamente capazes de construir. A análise dos dados permite-nos inferir que, para um número considerável das/os diplomadas/os entrevistados, a empregabilidade em educação, embora desafiante, verifica-se. São, no entanto, os modos e tempos distintos dessa profissionalização que conferem ao conceito de trajetória a pertinência da análise proposta.

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Abstract
Lean and green (L&G) manufacturing in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) has brought many advantages in manufacturing industries by minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency with integration of renewable energy sources and sustainable materials. Multi-layer Stream Mapping (MSM) is a new framework for the performance assessment of complex manufacturing processes. MSM is used for multi-domain analysis of manufacturing processes to assess resources, and processes, that are used to identify Non-ValueAdded (NVA) procedures or steps that consume unnecessary time and resources, and/or release emissions and waste that can no longer be reused or recycled to be eliminated or replaced to create a Value Added (VA) process flow that avoids waste in a clean, green and environmental friendly manner. This paper presents the implementation of the L&G strategy through MSM in metal working production systems. In metalworking production systems, the variables of operational performance and resources consumption considered are process time, number of operators, consumables, raw material, and energy. These can be suitably used for reduction in water emissions, gas emissions, solid waste and scrap generated in metalworking production systems.

Abstract
This work aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of cryptocurrencies, which have emerged as a unique form within the financial market. While there are numerous cryptocurrencies available, most individuals are only familiar with Bitcoin. This knowledge gap and the lack of literature on the subject motivated the present study to shed light on the key characteristics of cryptocurrencies, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, we seek to investigate the integration of cryptocurrencies within the financial market by applying a dynamic equicorrelation model. The analysis covers ten cryptocurrencies from June 2(nd), 2016 to May 25(th), 2021. Through the implementation of the dynamic equicorrelation model, we have reached the conclusion that the degree of integration among cryptocurrencies primarily depends on factors such as trading volume, global stock index performance, energy price fluctuations, gold price movements, financial stress index levels, and the index of US implied volatility.

Abstract