Abstract
In this paper a probabilistic model to solve the economic dispatch (ED) problem considering the uncertainty introduced by power sources, such as wind and solar, is presented. Assuming the forecasting error to be modeled by a beta probability distribution function (PDF), the proposed methodology presented in this paper allows the incorporation of this PDF in the optimization model, obtaining the PDF of power production of thermal and renewable generators, energy not supplied, excess of electricity, and generation cost. The results obtained from the proposed methodology are compared with those obtained from Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) approach, observing a good agreement.

Abstract

Abstract
It is extremely difficult to simplify the relation between several body parts, which perform human motion, into one set of features. Mainly, the upper-limb is capable of a wider range of actions, going from fine manipulation to prehension and grasping. Aiming to describe its complexity, several studies have been conducted in order to better understand the upper-limb specificities. However, most of studies restrain the task to pointing, reaching, or grasping, which seems not enough to explain the wide range of tasks possible to be performed in a daily scenario.

Abstract
This paper investigates the detailed promotional attitudes of retailers across three countries. The key aim was to see whether the perceptions of owner-managers of nine commonly used promotion tools varied across country. Both perception and budget data was examined, as well as selected combinations of promotion tools.

Abstract

Abstract
The system of symmetrical components (012-system) can be used to simulate symmetrical and asymmetrical operation of power systems. However, the classical literature of Power Systems Analysis does not present one equivalent circuit in 012-system to two-simultaneous faults where there are a single-line-to-ground fault and a bolted line-to-line fault. This paper presents the equations and the new equivalent circuit mentioned. In addition, we present a comparison of results between the proposed approach and the output of the commercial software ANAFAS, which validates the methodology. We find evidence that the new equivalent circuit developed can substitute the equivalent circuits used to calculate a single line-to-ground fault and a bolted line-to-line fault.