Abstract
Electromobility is a critical component of Europe’s strategy to create a more sustainable society and support the European Green Transition while enhancing quality of life. Electrification also plays an important role in securing Europe’s position in the growing market of electric and autonomous vehicles (EAV). The EU-funded OPEVA project aims to take a big step towards deployment of sustainable electric vehicles by means of optimising their support in an ecosystem. Specifically, the project focuses on analysing and designing optimisation architecture, reducing battery charging time, and developing infrastructure, as well as reporting on the driver-oriented human factors. Overall, OPEVA’s goal is to enhance EAV market penetration and adoption, making them more accessible and convenient. The aim of this paper is to inform the European automotive, transportation, energy and mobility community be presenting the OPEVA manifestation, and the overall solution strategy solidified through the progress throughout the first year of the project.

Abstract
This work addresses the historical development of techniques and methodologies oriented to the measurement of the internal diameter of transparent tubes since the original contributions of Anderson and Barr published in 1923 in the first issue of Measurement Science and Technology. The progresses on this field are summarized and highlighted the emergence and significance of the measurement approaches supported by the optical fiber.

Abstract
The relationship between hydrogen and electricity has gained attention due to their interconnected roles in the energy transition. Existing joint electricity and hydrogen market models often overlook the dependence between electricity and hydrogen prices. Indeed, while electrolyzers production can raise electricity prices, electricity price significantly impacts the costs of hydrogen production. Considering this price-based interdependency, this study compares a Cournot equilibrium and a perfect competition market model for electricity and hydrogen integration. Both models are transformed into new quadratic optimization problems to facilitate resolution. The analysis highlights the potential of the Iberian region for hydrogen production. Furthermore, it is evident that, under conditions of perfect competition, renewable generation is given priority for meeting electricity demand, leading to a decrease in both electricity and hydrogen prices on a global scale compared to the Cournot scenario.

Abstract

Abstract
The growing adoption of microgrids necessitates efficient management of electrical energy storage units to ensure reliable and sustainable power supply. This paper investigates a thermal management system (TMS) for maintaining the longevity of large-scale batteries. To streamline the thermal modeling of batteries, the McCormick relaxation method is employed to linearize a nonlinear and interdependent heat generation model. The thermal model of the battery follows a nonlinear behavior where the generated heat makes the battery system temperature soar, thereby affecting the thermal performance of the battery. To showcase the efficacy of the proposed approach, four distinct case scenarios are studied, highlighting the critical importance of batteries within microgrid operations. A comparative analysis is conducted between linear and nonlinear models for TMS performance. A quantitative assessment based on simulation results demonstrates the precision of the linearized model, particularly in a multitemporal optimal power flow and day-ahead scheduling of microgrids incorporating energy storage units. Controlling the battery temperature within a permissible range (from 15 degrees C to 40 degrees C) is achieved by using a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The paper explores the economic implications of energy storage units in microgrids by extracting and comparing daily operational costs with and without battery integration. The findings reveal that the inclusion of energy storage units yields substantial economic benefits, with potential profit margins of approximately 20 % during typical working days and 60 % on weekends.

Abstract
This cross-sectional study addresses Portuguese online shoppers' behavior toward Chinese online retailers, assessing the impact of financial, product, and time-convenience risks and demographic traits on their willingness to buy from those e-stores. The research relies on a survey of 1,432 participants who have shopped online at least once. Approximately half of the sample already buys from Chinese websites; age, financial, and time-convenience risks explain 21.5% of the variance of their purchase intention. On the other hand, participants who buy on Chinese websites present significantly lower values of all risks and the intention to buy from Chinese websites, possibly reflecting a satisfactory transaction experience. Furthermore, a generation gap is evident as younger people feel more confident in dealing intuitively with and solving online issues, giving them the confidence necessary to purchase online from Chinese e-stores - perhaps geographically and ideologically distant - but brought closer by e-expertise (online dexterity).