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Publications

2016

Performance of a Fuzzy ARTMAP Artificial Neural Network in Characterizing the Wave Regime at the Port of Sines (Portugal)

Authors
Santos, FL; Reis, MT; Fortes, CJEM; Lotufo, AD; Neves, DRCB; Poseiro, P; Maciel, GE;

Publication
JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH

Abstract
Techniques based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been increasingly applied to predict emergency situations, such as extreme wave conditions, wave overtopping or flooding, and damage to maritime structures, in coastal and port areas. In this work, a fuzzy adaptive resonance theory with mapping (FAM) ANN was trained to predict the wave regime both inside and at the entrance to the Port of Sines, one of the major trade and economic gateways of the Iberian Peninsula, located on the Portuguese west coast. In situ measurements using pressure sensors, wave buoy data, and results from two numerical wave propagation models simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) and diffraction refraction elliptic approximation mild slope (DREAMS) were used to train and validate the ANN. The wave regime was calculated for different points outside and inside the port. In general, the FAM predictions outside the port showed a satisfactory fit to the wave parameters (significant wave height, peak wave period, and mean wave direction) from the numerical model SWAN. Inside the port, differences from the DREAMS model were greater, because the optimized FAM parameters were obtained only for outside the port and the FAM network showed some difficulties in accounting for the complex phenomena of wave refraction, diffraction, and reflection within the port. Consequently, it is of paramount importance to obtain the FAM results based on fully optimized parameters to use the FAM output in place of the numerical models of wave propagation. Nevertheless, this methodology proved capable of providing a fast and satisfactory response that is especially useful in the scope of risk management, particularly in wave forecasting and warning systems.

2016

Cross-Eyed-Cross-spectral Iris/Periocular Recognition database and competition

Authors
Sequeira A.F.; Chen L.; Ferryman J.; Alonso-Fernandez F.; Bigun J.; Raja K.B.; Raghavendra R.; Busch C.; Wild P.;

Publication
Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), Proceedings - Series of the Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI)

Abstract
This work presents a novel dual-spectrum database containing both iris and periocular images synchronously captured from a distance and within a realistic indoor environment. This database was used in the 1st Cross-Spectrum Iris/Periocular Recognition Competition (Cross-Eyed 2016). This competition aimed at recording recent advances in cross-spectrum iris and periocular recognition. Six submissions were evaluated for crossspectrum periocular recognition, and three for iris recognition. The submitted algorithms are briefly introduced. Detailed results are reported in this paper, and comparison of the results is discussed.

2016

Localization and Navigation of an Omnidirectional Mobile Robot: The Robot@Factory Case Study

Authors
Costa, PJ; Moreira, N; Campos, D; Goncalves, J; Lima, J; Costa, PL;

Publication
IEEE REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE TECNOLOGIAS DEL APRENDIZAJE-IEEE RITA

Abstract
The Robot@Factory competition was recently included in Robotica, the main Portuguese Robotics Competition. This robot competition takes place in an emulated factory plant, where automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) must cooperate to perform tasks. To accomplish their goals, the AGVs must deal with localization, navigation, scheduling, and cooperation problems that must be solved autonomously. This robot competition can play an important role in education due to its inherent multidisciplinary approach, which can motivate students to bridge different technological areas. It can also play an important role in research and development, because it is expected that its outcomes will later be transferred to real-world problems in manufacturing or service robots. By presenting a scaled-down factory shop floor, this competition creates a benchmark that can be used to compare different approaches to the challenges that arise in this kind of environment. The ability to alter the environment, in some restricted areas, can usually promote the test and evaluation of different localization mechanisms, which is not possible in other competitions. This paper presents one of the possible approaches to build a robot capable of entering this competition. It can be used as a reference to current and new teams.

2016

Tensor-based anomaly detection: An interdisciplinary survey

Authors
Fanaee T, H; Gama, J;

Publication
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS

Abstract
Traditional spectral-based methods such as PCA are popular for anomaly detection in a variety of problems and domains. However, if data includes tensor (multiway) structure (e.g. space-time-measurements), some meaningful anomalies may remain invisible with these methods. Although tensor-based anomaly detection (TAD) has been applied within a variety of disciplines over the last twenty years, it is not yet recognized as a formal category in anomaly detection. This survey aims to highlight the potential of tensor-based techniques as a novel approach for detection and identification of abnormalities and failures. We survey the interdisciplinary works in which TAD is reported and characterize the learning strategies, methods and applications; extract the important open issues in TAD and provide the corresponding existing solutions according to the state-of-the-art.

2016

High Resolution Trichromatic Road Surface Scanning with a Line Scan Camera and Light Emitting Diode Lighting for Road-Kill Detection

Authors
Lopes, G; Ribeiro, AF; Sillero, N; Goncalves Seco, L; Silva, C; Franch, M; Trigueiros, P;

Publication
SENSORS

Abstract
This paper presents a road surface scanning system that operates with a trichromatic line scan camera with light emitting diode (LED) lighting achieving road surface resolution under a millimeter. It was part of a project named Roadkills-Intelligent systems for surveying mortality of amphibians in Portuguese roads, sponsored by the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation. A trailer was developed in order to accommodate the complete system with standalone power generation, computer image capture and recording, controlled lighting to operate day or night without disturbance, incremental encoder with 5000 pulses per revolution attached to one of the trailer wheels, under a meter Global Positioning System (GPS) localization, easy to utilize with any vehicle with a trailer towing system and focused on a complete low cost solution. The paper describes the system architecture of the developed prototype, its calibration procedure, the performed experimentation and some obtained results, along with a discussion and comparison with existing systems. Sustained operating trailer speeds of up to 30 km/h are achievable without loss of quality at 4096 pixels' image width (1 m width of road surface) with 250 mu m/pixel resolution. Higher scanning speeds can be achieved by lowering the image resolution (120 km/h with 1 mm/pixel). Computer vision algorithms are under development to operate on the captured images in order to automatically detect road-kills of amphibians.

2016

Male breast cancer: Looking for better prognostic subgroups

Authors
Abreu, MH; Afonso, N; Abreu, PH; Menezes, F; Lopes, P; Henrique, R; Pereira, D; Lopes, C;

Publication
BREAST

Abstract
Purpose: Male Breast Cancer (MBC) remains a poor understood disease. Prognostic factors are not well established and specific prognostic subgroups are warranted. Patients/methods: Retrospectively revision of 111 cases treated in the same Cancer Center. Blinded-central pathological revision with immunohistochemical (IHQ) analysis for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and androgen (AR) receptors, HER2, ki67 and p53 was done. Cox regression model was used for uni/multivariate survival analysis. Two classifications of Female Breast Cancer (FBC) subgroups (based in ER, PR, HER2, 2000 classification, and in ER, PR, HER2, ki67, 2013 classification) were used to achieve their prognostic value in MBC patients. Hierarchical clustering was performed to define subgroups based on the six-IHQ panel. Results: According to FBC classifications, the majority of tumors were luminal: A (89.2%; 60.0%) and B (7.2%; 35.8%). Triple negative phenotype was infrequent (2.7%; 3.2%) and HER2 enriched, non-luminal, was rare (<= 1% in both). In multivariate analysis the poor prognostic factors were: size >2 cm (HR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0-3.4years, p = 0.049), absence of ER (HR: 4.9; 95% CI: 1.7-14.3years, p = 0.004) and presence of distant metastasis (HR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.2-3.1years, p < 0.001). FBC subtypes were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.009, p = 0.046), but when analyzed only luminal groups, prognosis did not differ regardless the classification used (p > 0.20). Clustering defined different subgroups, that have prognostic value in multivariate analysis (p = 0.005), with better survival in ER/PR+, AR-, HER2- and ki67/p53 low group (median: 11.5 years; 95% CI: 6.2-16.8 years) and worst in PR-group (median: 4.5 years; 95% CI: 1.6 -7.8 years). Conclusion: FBC subtypes do not give the same prognostic information in MBC even in luminal groups. Two subgroups with distinct prognosis were identified in a common six-IHQ panel. Future studies must achieve their real prognostic value in these patients.

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