Abstract
The logical depth with significance b of a string x is the shortest running time of a program for x that can be compressed by at most b bits. Another definition is based on algorithmic probability. We give a simple new proof for the known relation between the two definitions. We also prove the following: Given a string we can consider the maximal decrease in logical depth when the significance parameter increases by 1. There exists a sequence of strings of lengths n = 1,2,..., such that this maximal decrease as a function of n rises faster than any computable function but not as fast as the Busy Beaver function. This holds also for the computation times of the shortest programs of these strings.

Abstract

Abstract
The usage of application-specific hardware based on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) has proven its benefits. Current system-on-chips, which contain FPGA fabric, supporting dynamic partial reconfiguration, enable a dynamic hardware acceleration for hardware/software co-designs. With the trend to consolidate multiple computing systems into a single system, applications with mixed criticalities can come into conflict. With our approach, we are exploring the possibility to utilize dedicated hardware for the system management and benefit from possible parallelization of applications and system management tasks.

Abstract
This paper presents the development process of a sustainable solution to grow aromatic plants in small houses. The solution is called The GreenHouse and is meant for people who live in small houses or city apartments and want fresh home grown aromatic plants, but have neither the time nor the space to grow them. The solution is intended to be sustainable and appropriate for people concerned with eating healthy, fresh food. The project was developed by a team of five students enrolled in the European Project Semester (EPS) at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP) during the spring of 2017. EPS@ISEP is a project-based learning framework which aims to foster personal, teamwork and multidisciplinary problem-solving skills in engineering, business and product design students. Research and discussions within the team were done to develop the product. The existing solutions for growing fresh food in industrial and domestic applications as well as marketing, sustainability and ethical topics were researched and discussed. This way it was possible to define the requirements of The GreenHouse. The GreenHouse is semi-automatic and requires little interaction from the customer. It has two covers, a winter cover and a summer cover, to be changed depending on the season and weather. Solar energy and rainwater are used to enable the growth of aromatic plants, making this a sustainable system. The support is adaptable and made to fit different support sizes so it can be hanged on balconies or windows.

Abstract

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Freezing represents an important storage method for vegetal foodstuffs, such as cowpea pods, and thus the impact of this process on the chemical composition of these matrices arises as a prominent issue. In this sense, the phytochemical contents in frozen cowpea pods (i.e. at 6 and 9 months) have been compared with fresh cowpea pods material, with the samples being concomitantly assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), both mid-infrared (MIR) and near infrared (NIR), aiming to evaluate the potential of these techniques as a rapid tool for the traceability of these matrices. RESULTS: A decrease in phytochemical contents during freezing was observed, allowing the classification of samples according to the freezing period based on such variations. Also, MIR and NIR allowed discrimination of samples: the use of the first derivative demonstrated a better performance for this purpose, whereas the use of the normalized spectra gave the best correlations between the spectra and specific contents. In both cases, NIR displayed the best performance. CONCLUSION: Freezing of cowpea pods leads to a decrease of phytochemical contents, which can be monitored by FTIR spectroscopy, both within the MIR and NIR ranges, whereas the use of this technique, in tandem with chemometrics, constitutes a suitable methodology for the traceability of these matrices. (C) 2017 Society of Chemical Industry