Abstract
Nowadays, workers and students preparing for a career are aware that they must constantly update their skills in order to fulfil both the market’s and companies’ demands. The environment is packed with technologies that help us by optimizing our tasks on a daily basis. However, the majority of opinions can agree that these tools may have a bigger impact on the labour market than it was ever expected. What is the future of jobs as we know them, and what impact will future technology innovations have on society? Lots of factors enter the picture when this particular topic is discussed – including the economy in general, productivity rates, salaries and expenses, people’s stress and satisfaction levels, among others. To achieve this study’s main purpose, questionnaires were distributed, which were the basis for the creation of a hypothetical model that represents our understanding of the subject considering the sample’s feedback. This study also advances our view concerning the literature review and the opinions of those surveyed, aiming to provide a strong and consistent theory of what the market labour will be; that is, which jobs are likely to lose practice, which ones may subsist, and which activities might grow with the circumstances’ influence.

Abstract
This paper addresses a framework for expansion planning of an active distribution network (ADS) that supplies its downward active microgrids (AMGs) and it participates in the upward wholesale market to sell its surplus electricity. The proposed novel model considers the impact of coordinated and uncoordinated bidding of AMGs and demand response providers (DRPs) on the optimal expansion planning. The problem has six sources of uncertainty: upward electricity market prices, AMGs location and time of installation, AMGs power generation/consumption, ADS intermittent power generations, DRP biddings, and the ADS system contingencies. The model uses the conditional value at risk (CVaR) criterion in order to handle the trading risks of ADS with the wholesale market. The proposed formulation integrates the deterministic and stochastic parameters of the risk-based expansion planning of ADS that is rare in the literature on this field. The introduced method uses a four-stage optimisation algorithm that uses genetic algorithm, CPLEX and DICOPT solvers. The proposed method is applied to the 18-bus and 33-bus test systems to assess the proposed algorithm. The proposed method reduces the aggregated expansion planning costs for the 18-bus and 33-bus system about 44.04% and 11.82% with respect to the uncoordinated bidding of AMGs/DRPs costs, respectively.

Abstract
This paper contrasts the Genetic Algorithm (GA) strategies to solve the problem of Economic Dispatch (ED) in a Microgrid (MG). An environmental ED strategy for MG is proposed through maintaining the system reliability requirements at acceptable level. Two additional cost terms such as the CO2 emission penalties and load curtailment charges are added to the traditional objective function of the ED problem. Also, cost and reserve supply of the network are considered. Since the load curtailment cost is highly dependent to the network reliability indices, specifically those determining network inability to supply demand, the Expected Energy Not Served (EENS) reliability index is used to calculate the curtailment costs. By illustrating the advantages of Inherit Based Genetic Algorithm (IBGA) over the other two strategies, namely Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and 3-matrices Genetic Algorithm (3MGA), IBGA is used to solve the proposed Reliable, Environmental Economic Dispatch (REED) problem in a MG.

Abstract
The structure and evolution of a scientific research community can be quantitatively assessed taking into account the interactions between scientific agents dispersed geographically. In the recent years, CSCW has stabilized as a cross-disciplinary field suffering significant changes in its core structure, and there is limited understanding about the factors influencing the nature and progress of collaborative computing research. In this paper, we measure the correlation between a set of features related to the influence of collaboration types on the number of citations as well as the geographical distribution of the accumulated contribution to the CSCW literature. Overall, our work can represent a starting point to demonstrate how the study of scientific collaboration can partly explain the variations in the number of citations, frequency of papers, and topics addressed.

Abstract
The Internet has changed the way people and businesses communicate. Social media is now seen as a marketing tool, as it influences the promotion of products and helps to raise brand awareness and recognition. Indeed, companies now want to build long-term relationships with clients through online channels, as they are more convenient, faster and reach a greater public. Our article emphasizes the role of social media as a driving force to promote online businesses and build a well-known brand. However, to build and manage customers’ relationships and loyalty, brands need to develop an online communication strategy that will help to promote the brand. Our case study focuses on the success story of Josefinas, a Portuguese luxury shoe brand. It was created exclusively online and became a well-known brand due to social media and digital influencers. However, is it enough for businesses to be online? To answer this question and to analyse the major role social media played in building Josefinas, our study involved two interviews and the analysis of secondary data. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.

Abstract
Augmented reality has seen an increased popularity among the last decades due to technological advances and, a consequent growth of the amount of augmented reality systems, became available. However, in order to diffuse this technology successfully, understand users' feelings when using augmented reality applications is considered a major issue. This study implemented this technology in a cultural heritage outdoor context and tested it in-situ to evaluate user's perspective regarding to personal satisfaction-including cultural enrichment acquired -, ease of use and their intention to use it. The results obtained, through questionnaires, presented the visitors acceptance regarding the usage of this type of solutions among a cultural heritage context, since it may become future visits more pleasant and desirable. The user's majority expressed the request to use this technology more often in cultural heritage spaces.