Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes between patients submitted to pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (pTRAM) and latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous (LD) flaps for breast reconstructions and to investigate potential risk factors for complications in autologous reconstruction. Methods A retrospective review of delayed autologous breast reconstructions by five surgeons in a single centre was performed. Between 2014 and 2018, 215 women underwent unilateral breast reconstruction with pTRAM or LD flaps. Patient demographics were analyzed including age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Patient medical records were reviewed for the length of hospital stay (LOS), volume and duration of breast drainage, volume and duration of donor area drainage, major immediate complications, early and late complications, reinterventions, readmittances and reinterventions for late complications. Results LD reconstruction was associated with longer length of stay, duration of breast and donor area drainage and a higher prevalence of seroma in the donor area (37.8% vs 6.5%). pTRAM breast reconstruction had higher rates of pulmonary embolism and late complications. Age over 60 was a risk factor for immediate major complications. Smoking was associated with increased early complications. Late complications increased when the BMI was above 30. Conclusions Autologous breast reconstruction with pTRAM and LD flaps is safe and offers a long-standing pleasant aesthetic shape. The results of this study show that age over 60, BMI > 30 and smoking increase the complications rate. These patients should be informed about their higher profile risks before proceeding with the reconstruction.

Abstract
AbstractPurposePredicting outcomes after resection of primary melanoma remains crude, primarily based on tumour thickness. We explored gene expression signatures for their ability to better predict outcomes.MethodsDifferential expression analysis of 194 primary melanomas resected from patients who either developed distant metastasis (n=89) or did not (n=105) was performed. We identified 121 metastasis-associated genes that were included in our prognostic signature, “Cam_121”. Several machine learning classification models were trained using nested leave- one-out cross validation (LOOCV) to test the signature’s capacity to predict metastases, as well as regression models to predict survival. The prognostic accuracy was externally validated in two independent datasets.ResultsCam_121 performed significantly better in predicting distant metastases than any of the models trained with the clinical covariates alone (pAccuracy=4.92×10-3), as well as those trained with two published prognostic signatures. Cam_121 expression score was strongly associated with progression-free survival (HR=1.7, p=3.44×10-6), overall survival (HR=1.73, p=7.71×10-6) and melanoma-specific survival (HR=1.59, p=0.02). Cam_121 expression score also negatively correlated with measures of immune cell infiltration (?=-0.73, p<2.2×10-16), with a higher score representing reduced tumour lymphocytic infiltration and a higher absolute 5-year risk of death in stage II melanoma.ConclusionsThe Cam_121 primary melanoma gene expression signature outperformed currently available alternatives in predicting the risk of distant recurrence. The signature confirmed (using unbiased approaches) the central prognostic importance of immune cell infiltration in long-term patient outcomes and could be used to identify stage II melanoma patients at highest risk of metastases and poor survival who might benefit most from adjuvant therapies.Translational relevancePredicting outcomes after resection of primary melanoma is currently based on traditional histopathological staging, however survival outcomes within these disease stages varies markedly. Since adjuvant systemic therapies are now being used routinely, accurate prognostic information is needed to better risk stratify patients and avoid unnecessary use of high cost, potentially harmful drugs, as well as to inform future adjuvant strategies. The Cam_121 gene expression signature appears to have this capability and warrants evaluation in prospective clinical trials.

Abstract
Increasingly social networks are used both in the personal and professional levels, being companies and employees also exposed to the risks posed by them. In this sense, it is relevant to analyze employees' perception of the risks and vulnerabilities posed by the use of social networks in corporate environments. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to 372 employees of small and medium-sized companies that allowed the characterization and analysis of those risks. The results indicate that the security risks are perceived moderately by employees, emphasizing the risk of defamation and cyberbullying as being the most pertinent. On the other hand, the findings indicate that older employees, the existence of lower academic qualifications, and those working in medium-sized companies are more aware of these risks.

Abstract
A femtosecond laser direct writing system was developed to explore the fabrication of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) in SMF28 fibers. The LPFGs, showing the mode LP1,6 at 1500 nm, were exposed to high-temperature annealing up to 950 °C. Modifications in the refractive index (RI) modulation are observed through a blue-shift in the LPFG attenuation bands and above 850 °C, the mode LP1,7 appear at 1600 nm. The wavelength sensitivity to external RI from 1.300 to 1.452 was estimated for both modes before and after annealing. Greater sensitivity was found for the higher order mode in the entire range reaching 2400 nm/RIU around 1.440.

Abstract
Labour shortage is a reality in agriculture. Farmers are asking for solutions to automate agronomic tasks, such as monitoring, pruning, spraying, and harvesting. The automation of these tasks requires, most of the time, the use of robotic arms to mimic human arms capabilities. The current robotic arm based solutions available, both in the market and in the scientific sphere, have several limitations, such as, low-speed manipulation, the path planning algorithms are not aware of the requirements of the agricultural tasks (robotic motion and manipulation synchronisation), and require active perception tuning to the end-target point. This work benchmarks algorithms from open manipulation planning library (OMPL) considering a cost-effective six-degree freedom manipulator in a simulated vineyard. The OMPL planners shown a very low performance under demanding pruning tasks. The best and most promising results are performed and obtained by BiTRRT. However, further work is needed to increase its performance and reduce planning time. This benchmark work helps the reader to understand the limitations of each algorithm and when to use them. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
Particle tracking applied to video passive microrheology is conventionally done through methods that are far from being automatic. Creating mechanisms that decode the image set properties and correctly detect the tracer beads, to find their trajectories, is fundamental to facilitate microrheology studies. In this work, the adequacy of two particle detection methods - a Radial Symmetry-based approach and Gaussian fitting - for microrheology setups is tested, both on a synthetic database and on real data. Results show that it is possible to automate the particle tracking process in this scope, while ensuring high detection accuracy and sub-pixel precision, crucial for an adequate characterization of microrheology studies. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.