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Publications

2021

Ordinal losses for classification of cervical cancer risk

Authors
Albuquerque, T; Cruz, R; Cardoso, JS;

Publication
PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE

Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, especially in low to middle-income countries. Despite the outburst of recent scientific advances, there is no totally effective treatment, especially when diagnosed in an advanced stage. Screening tests, such as cytology or colposcopy, have been responsible for a substantial decrease in cervical cancer deaths. Cervical cancer automatic screening via Pap smear is a highly valuable cell imaging-based detection tool, where cells must be classified as being within one of a multitude of ordinal classes, ranging from abnormal to normal. Current approaches to ordinal inference for neural networks are found to not sufficiently take advantage of the ordinal problem or to be too uncompromising. A non-parametric ordinal loss for neuronal networks is proposed that promotes the output probabilities to follow a unimodal distribution. This is done by imposing a set of different constraints over all pairs of consecutive labels which allows for a more flexible decision boundary relative to approaches from the literature. Our proposed loss is contrasted against other methods from the literature by using a plethora of deep architectures. A first conclusion is the benefit of using non-parametric ordinal losses against parametric losses in cervical cancer risk prediction. Additionally, the proposed loss is found to be the top-performer in several cases. The best performing model scores an accuracy of 75.6% for seven classes and 81.3% for four classes.

2021

Modelling of an Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System With Misalignment Tolerance

Authors
Marques, V; Salgado, HM; Pessoa, LM;

Publication
2021 IEEE 32ND ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS (PIMRC)

Abstract
This papers proposes a multiple sensor-lens pair scheme to increase the misalignment tolerance and presents an accurate model of photon propagation based on the Monte Carlo simulation, that includes the photon refraction at the lenses interface and angular misalignment between emitter and receiver. The results show that the ideal divergence of the emitter's beam is around 15 degrees for a 1 metre Tx-Rx distance, increasing to 22 degrees for a shorter distance of 0.5 metres, but being independent of the water turbidity, showing that the geometry of the link is the dominant factor in such short-range links. Additionally, it was concluded that a 7 lenses scheme is approximately 3 times more offset tolerable than a single lens. Rotating the emitter increases the optimal divergence while rotating the plane of sensors decreases it.

2021

Impact of the Growing Penetration of Renewable Energy Production on the Iberian Long-Term Electricity Market

Authors
Santos, SF; Gough, M; Pinto, JPGV; Osorio, GJ; Javadi, M; Catalao, JPS;

Publication
2021 21ST IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND 2021 5TH IEEE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS EUROPE (EEEIC/I&CPS EUROPE)

Abstract
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in areas with wholesale energy markets may have significant impacts on the prices of electricity within these markets. These renewable energy sources typically have low or zero marginal prices and thus can bid into energy markets at prices which might be below plants using other generating technologies. This work seeks to understand the impact of these zero marginal cost plants in the Iberian Energy Market. This work makes use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to evaluate the impact of growing renewable energy generation on the market-clearing price. Real data from the Iberian Energy Market is chosen and used to train the ANN. The scenarios used for renewable energy generation are taken from the newly published national energy and climate plans for both Spain and Portugal. Results show that increasing penetration of renewable energy leads to significant reductions in the forecasted energy price, showing a price decrease of about 23 (sic)/MWh in 2030 compared to the baseline. Increasing solar PV generation has the largest effect on market prices.

2021

Is the incorporation of sustainability issues and Sustainable Development Goals in project management a catalyst for sustainable project delivery?

Authors
de Toledo, RF; de Farias, JR; de Castro, HCGA; Putnik, GD; da Silva, LE;

Publication
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY

Abstract
Sustainability in project management is an emerging and evolving field of study, in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustainability in project management is immersed in many goals and targets, and is also echoed in many other goals and targets. In this sense, the goal of this research was to analyse how to incorporate sustainability issues and Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs as critical success factors for project management and propose a sustainable project management model. The developed conceptual model contains the variables related to the identified barriers and motivation factors for the integration of sustainability with project management. It presents seven hypotheses and five constructs: Sustainable Development Goals; Interested Parties; Sustainable Companies; Sustainable Project Management Methodology and Sustainable Project. The proposed model and its constructs' relationships were validated using a structural equation model, across more than 400 valid questionnaires, completed by project management professionals from all around the world. The main result of the study indicates that for sustainability to become an integer part of project management, the dissemination and use of a sustainable project management methodology that considers the SDGs - Sustainable Development Goals by companies and professional associations, encouraging professionals to be trained and certified in these sustainable methodologies, is necessary.

2021

Análise e Projeto de um Sistema de Recarga de Veículos Elétricos através da Transferência de Energia sem Fio

Authors
VIERA, LAB; PASCOAL, PG; RECH, C; MEZAROBA, M;

Publication
Proceedings of the 13th Seminar on Power Electronics and Control (SEPOC 2021)

Abstract
O uso de meios de transporte elétricos está em plena expansão. Esse fato nos leva a implementação de novas tecnologias relacionadas ao seu método de carregamento. Atualmente, o carregamento sem fio, conhecido como sistema WPT (Wireless Power Transfer), está sendo amplamente estudado e implementado. Assim, este trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica dos principais aspectos e características desse sistema, além de seus estágios de operação. Com base nessas informações, é proposto o projeto de um carregador WPT de 5 kW operando em 85 kHz, respeitando os padrões previstos na norma SAE J2954. Por fim, o circuito é simulado para validação da metodologia de projeto.

2021

Ontologies to Enable Interoperability of Multi-Agent Electricity Markets Simulation and Decision Support

Authors
Santos, G; Pinto, T; Vale, Z;

Publication
ELECTRONICS

Abstract
This paper presents the AiD-EM Ontology, which provides a semantic representation of the concepts required to enable the interoperability between multi-agent-based decision support systems, namely AiD-EM, and the market agents that participate in electricity market simulations. Electricity markets' constant changes, brought about by the increasing necessity for adequate integration of renewable energy sources, make them complex and dynamic environments with very particular characteristics. Several modeling tools directed at the study and decision support in the scope of the restructured wholesale electricity markets have emerged. However, a common limitation is identified: the lack of interoperability between the various systems. This gap makes it impossible to exchange information and knowledge between them, test different market models, enable players from heterogeneous systems to interact in common market environments, and take full advantage of decision support tools. To overcome this gap, this paper presents the AiD-EM Ontology, which includes the necessary concepts related to the AiD-EM multi-agent decision support system, to enable interoperability with easier cooperation and adequate communication between AiD-EM and simulated market agents wishing to take advantage of this decision support tool.

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