Abstract
We introduce a novel perspective on set-class analysis combining the DFT magnitudes with the music visualisation technique of wavescapes. With such a combination, we create a visual representation of a piece's multidimensional qualia, where different colours indicate saliency in chromaticity, diadicity, triadicity, octatonicity, diatonicity, and whole-tone quality. At the centre of our methods are: 1) the formal definition of the Fourier Qualia Space (FQS), 2) its particular ordering of DFT coefficients that delineate regions linked to different musical aesthetics, and 3) the mapping of such regions into a coloured wavescape. Furthermore, we demonstrate the intrinsic capability of the FQS to express qualia ambiguity and map it into a synopsis wavescape. Finally, we showcase the application of our methods by presenting a few analytical remarks on Bach's Three-part Invention BWV 795, Debussy's Reflets dans l'eau, andWebern's Four Pieces for Violin and Piano, Op. 7, No. 1, unveiling increasingly ambiguous wavescapes.

Abstract
Wind power is becoming an important source of electrical energy production. In an onshore wind farm (WF), the electrical energy is collected at a substation from different wind turbines through electrical cables deployed over ground ditches. This work considers the WF layout design assuming that the substation location and all wind turbine locations are given, and a set of electrical cable types is available. The WF layout problem, taking into account its lifetime and technical constraints, involves selecting the cables to interconnect all wind turbines to the substation and the supporting ditches to minimize the initial investment cost plus the cost of the electrical energy that is lost on the cables over the lifetime of the WF. It is assumed that each ditch can deploy multiple cables, turning this problem into a more complex variant of previously addressed WF layout problems. This variant turns the problem best fitting to the real case and leads to substantial gains in the total cost of the solutions. The problem is defined as an integer linear programming model, which is then strengthened with different sets of valid inequalities. The models are tested with four WFs with up to 115 wind turbines. The computational experiments show that the optimal solutions can be computed with the proposed models for almost all cases. The largest WF was not solved to optimality, but the final relative gaps are small.

Abstract
Forest fires in Portugal are a recurring tragedy, especially during the summer, leaving a devastating trail affecting the environment and local communities. In addition to the loss of vast forest areas, these disasters harm wildlife, pollute the air, and compromise soil and water quality, contributing to environmental degradation and increasing the risk of soil erosion and landslides. Furthermore, fires have significant economic impacts, affecting communities that depend on the forest for subsistence, tourism, and agricultural activities. To address this issue, an innovativeWeb Service has been developed that uses artificial intelligence algorithms to calculate real-time fire risk. This service integrates up-todate weather data with historical fire patterns, providing an accurate and timely assessment of fire potential in specific areas. The machine learning model behind the service was trained with historical fire data from mainland Portugal between 2017 and 2023, allowing for a more accurate and predictive analysis of fire risk. The Web Service facilitates proactive emergency prevention and decision-making response by integrating realtime weather information with historical fire data. Authorities can use the information provided by the service to implement preventive policies to help elderly people.

Abstract
This chapter presents the use of Robotics in the Inspection and Maintenance of Offshore Wind as another highly challenging environment where autonomous robotics systems and digital transformations are proving high value. © 2024 Andry Maykol Pinto | Aníbal Matos | João V. Amorim Marques | Daniel Filipe Campos | Maria Inês Pereira | Rafael Claro | Eeva Mikola | João Formiga | Mohammed El Mobachi | Jaap-Jan Stoker | Jonathan Prevosto | Shashank Govindaraj | David Ribas | Pere Ridao | Luca Aceto.

Abstract

Abstract
Recent device-level cyber-attacks have targeted IoT critical applications in power distribution systems integrated with the Internet communications infrastructure. These systems utilize group domain of interpretation (GDOI) as designated by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) power utility standards IEC 61850 and IEC 62351. However, GDOI cannot protect against novel threats, such as IoT device-level attacks that can modify device firmware and configuration files to create command and control malicious communication. As a consequence, the attacks can compromise substations with potentially catastrophic consequences. With this in mind, this article proposes a permissioned/private blockchain-based authentication framework that provides a solution to current security threats such as the IoT device-level attacks. Our work improves the GDOI protocol applied in critical IoT applications by achieving decentralized and distributed device authentication. The security of our proposal is demonstrated against known attacks as well as through formal mechanisms via the joint use of the AVISPA and SPAN tools. The proposed approach adds negligible authentication latency, thus ensuring appropriate scalability as the number of nodes increases. Our work addresses the problem of device-level cyber-attacks such as device identity theft and introduction of fake nodes in GDOI-enabled smart grids. It introduces a permissioned blockchain based device authentication management in the GDOI phase 1 and periodic device integrity check in phase 2 to achieve decentralized authentication and device-level security. image