Abstract
This article presents a new firmware update paradigm for optimising the procedure in microcontrollers. The aim is to allow updating during program execution, without interruptions or restarts, replacing only specific code segments. The proposed method uses static and absolute addresses to locate and isolate the code segment to be updated. The work focuses on Microchip's PIC18F27K42 microcontroller and includes an example of updating functionality without affecting ongoing applications. This approach is ideal for band limited channels, reducing the amount of data transmitted during the update process. It also allows incremental changes to the program code, preserving network capacity, and reduces the costs associated with data transfer, especially in firmware update scenarios using cellular networks. This ability to update the normal operation of the device, avoiding service interruption and minimising downtime, is of remarkable value.

Abstract
Canvas have for long been embraced as a popular design tool. Initially aimed towards, business model development, the model of a one page, visual and collaborative tool has spread to the design of many different artifacts. Digital platforms, with its conjugation of business, technical, and social facets have benefited from the canvas model for its design practices, from both scholars and practitioners. Nonetheless, the recent push for more industry-specific and holistic digital platform research agenda is bound to have an impact in the tools used for platform design. In this paper, we apply a literature review method to examine existing canvas, inspired by the Business Model Canvas, as tools for the design of digital platforms. Using conceptual platform design research as a frame of reference, we review eight canvas specific for digital platform design, highlighting four critical limitations in their application regarding (1) adopted broad platform conceptualizations; (2) a restricted focus on business elements; (3) a lack of focus on platform evolution; and (4) a lack of guidance in the translation of canvas to explicit platform design propositions and requirements. By addressing these limitations, we set a path for the evolution of canvas as collaborative tools that can better support the more comprehensive and nuanced approaches required for the design of digital platforms acting in an evermore non-linear, volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environments.

Abstract
This paper describes a study developed to analyse the interest in investing in Li-ion batteries to perform price arbitrage in the power system of Portugal. In this context, it was developed a methodology to identify the most suitable hours for charging and discharging the energy, and the new market prices were estimated for these hours. It was concluded that at current investment costs in this storage technology, and current market prices, this investment would not be viable in the lifetime of the batteries despite the recent rise of electricity market prices and also the larger price spread. This spread is now larger given the depression of prices at sunny hours that is getting typical in the Iberian electricity market.

Abstract
Welding is a challenging, risky, and time-consuming profession. Recently, there has been a documented shortage of trained welders, and as a result, the market is pushing for an increase in the rate at which new professionals are trained. To address this growing demand, training institutions are exploring alternative methods to train future professionals. The emergence of virtual reality technologies has led to initiatives to explore their potential for welding training. Multiple studies have suggested that virtual reality training delivers comparable, or even superior, results when compared to more conventional approaches, with shorter training times and reduced costs in consumables. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the current state of the field of welding simulators. This involves exploring the different types of welding simulators available and evaluating their effectiveness and efficiency in meeting the learning objectives of welding training. The aim is to identify gaps in the literature, suggest future research directions, and promote the development of more effective and efficient welding simulators in the future. The research also seeks to develop a categorical system for evaluating and comparing welding simulators. This system will enable a more systematic and objective analysis of the features and characteristics of each simulator, identifying the essential characteristics that should be included in each level of classification.

Abstract

Abstract
The global push for environmental sustainability is driving substantial changes in power systems, prompting extensive grid upgrades. Policies and initiatives worldwide aim to reduce CO2 emissions, with a focus on increasing reliance on Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and electrifying transportation. However, the geographical variability and uncertainties of RESs directly impact power generation and distribution, necessitating adjustments in transmission system planning and operation. This paper presents a Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) model using the 2021 Texas snowstorm as a benchmark scenario, incorporating wind and solar energy penetration while addressing associated uncertainties. Climate Change (CC) and Extreme Weather Events (EWE) are integrated into the set of scenarios aiming at evaluating the proposed method's effectiveness. Comparisons in extreme operative conditions highlight the importance of network reliability and security, emphasizing the significance of merged grids. All simulations are conducted using the ACTIVSg2000 synthetic test system, which emulates the ERCOT grid, with comparisons made between TEP scenarios considering and disregarding CC and EWEs, supporting the concept of umbrella protection.