Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly employed to enable wireless communications, serving as communications nodes. In previous work, we proposed the Sustainable multi-UAV Performance-aware Placement (SUPPLY) algorithm, which focuses on the energy-efficient placement of multiple UAVs acting as Flying Access Points (FAPs). We also developed the Multi-UAV Energy Consumption (MUAVE) simulator to evaluate UAV energy consumption. However, MUAVE was designed to compute the energy consumption for rotary-wing UAVs only. In this paper, we propose eMUAVE, an enhanced version of the MUAVE simulator that enables the evaluation of the energy consumption for both rotary-wing and fixed-wing UAVs. We then use eMUAVE to evaluate the energy consumption of rotary-wing and fixed-wing UAVs in reference and random networking scenarios. The results show that rotary-wing UAVs are typically more energy-efficient than fixed-wing UAVs when following SUPPLY-defined trajectories.

Abstract
The proliferation of wireless devices requires flexible network infrastructures to meet the increasing Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Mobile Robotic Platforms (MRPs) acting as mobile communications cells are a promising solution to provide on-demand wireless connectivity in dynamic networking scenarios. However, the energy consumption of MRPs is a challenge that must be considered to maximize the availability of the wireless networks created. The main contribution of this paper is the experimental evaluation of the energy consumption of an MRP acting as a mobile communications cell. The evaluation considers different actions performed by a real MRP, demonstrating that energy consumption varies significantly with the type of action performed. The results obtained pave the way for optimizing MRP movement in dynamic networking scenarios, maximizing wireless network's availability while minimizing the MRP energy consumption.

Abstract
In the coming years, a wide range of underwater applications, including resource mining, marine research, and military operations will play an increasingly important role. The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) extends IoT principles to underwater environments, enabling connectivity between underwater devices and the Internet. However, high latency, intermittent connectivity, and security risks, such as privacy breaches, data tampering, and unauthorized access, pose major challenges to IoUT adoption. Existing security mechanisms fail in Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) due to their reliance on centralized trust models. Blockchain provides a decentralized, immutable, and transparent solution for securing underwater communications. This paper introduces the Blockchain-Based Underwater Messaging System (BUMS), an innovative solution that ensures message integrity, confidentiality, and resilience in DTNs. Messages are immutably stored in blockchain blocks, while malicious nodes are autonomously detected and excluded without the need for a central authority. To evaluate its feasibility, we developed the Underwater Blockchain Simulator (UBS), a custom-tailored open-source simulator designed to test blockchain algorithms in underwater networks. Simulation results demonstrate that BUMS enhances security and network reliability while maintaining efficiency in high-latency underwater environments, making it a viable solution for secure IoUT-based communications.

Abstract
This position paper presents A4FN, an Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) architecture for intent-driven automation in Flying Networks (FNs) using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as access nodes. A4FN leverages Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable real-time, context-aware network control via a distributed agentic system. It comprises two components: the Perception Agent (PA), which semantically interprets multimodal input - including imagery, audio, and telemetry data - from UAV-mounted sensors to derive Service Level Specifications (SLSs); and the Decision-and-Action Agent (DAA), which reconfigures the network based on inferred intents. A4FN embodies key properties of Agentic AI, including autonomy, goal-driven reasoning, and continuous perception-action cycles. Designed for mission-critical, infrastructure-limited scenarios such as disaster response, it supports adaptive reconfiguration, dynamic resource management, and interoperability with emerging wireless technologies. The paper details the A4FN architecture, its core innovations, and open research challenges in multi-agent coordination and Agentic AI integration in next-generation FNs. © 2025 IEEE.

Abstract
The growing demands of the Blue Economy are increasingly supported by sensing platforms, including as Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASVs) and Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). Multimodal Underwater Wireless Networks (MUWNs), which may combine acoustic, radio-frequency, and optical wireless technologies, enhance underwater data transmission capabilities. Although Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) address connectivity intermittency in such environments, not all data streams are delay-tolerant, and transmitting high-bandwidth DTN traffic over narrowband links can lead to significant inefficiencies. This paper presents QoS-MUWCom, a Quality of Service (QoS)-aware communication solution designed to manage both real-time and delay-tolerant traffic across dynamically selected multimodal interfaces. Experimental evaluations conducted in a freshwater tank demonstrate that QoS-MUWCom achieves near-zero packet loss for low-demand traffic even under link saturation, improves throughput for prioritized flows up to three times in mobility scenarios, and adapts to link availability and node mobility. The results confirm that QoS-MUWCom outperforms conventional multimodal strategies, contributing to more robust, resilient and efficient underwater communications.

Abstract
Underwater wireless communications face significant challenges due to propagation constraints, limiting the effectiveness of traditional radio and optical technologies. Long-range acoustic communications support distances up to a few kilometers, but suffer from low bandwidth, high error ratios, and multipath interference. Semantic communications, which focus on transmitting extracted semantic features rather than raw data, present a promising solution by significantly reducing the volume of data transmitted over the wireless link. This paper evaluates the resilience of SAGE, a semantic-oriented communications framework that combines semantic processing with Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) to compress and transmit image data as textual descriptions over acoustic links. To assess robustness, we use a custom-tailored simulator that introduces character errors observed in underwater acoustic channels. Evaluation results show that SAGE can successfully reconstruct meaningful image content even under varying error conditions, highlighting its potential for robust and efficient underwater wireless communication in harsh environments.