Abstract

Abstract

Abstract
Enterprises are facing new challenges. The Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) and Systems that supported their operations are also changing. Enterprises are also becoming more socially responsible. The mobility topic is an actual and unavoidable theme regarding social responsibility, which needs to be developed in a three-bottom line approach throughout social, environmental and economic' dimensions - in order to achieve a sustainable mobility. Necessarily, enterprises need to quickly adapt to the growing and rapid changes in the socio-economic and technological environment, thus embracing Enterprise Information Systems (EIS) - essential components of any enterprise system. Allied to a sustainability interoperability and with the Next Generation EIS (NGEIS) guidance, the future sustainable enterprise mobility can be defined. Other critical topic that Enterprises need to properly address and ensure is the data from their stakeholders to support the definition of strategic decision making and achieve rapid and efficient solutions fully aligned with the market context and their clients' expectation. It is also recognized the importance of the continuous technological evolvement, nevertheless these new technological solutions require private and confidential information of their users. Consequently, enterprises must be concerned with the implementation of adequate technological security mechanisms, that can ensure enterprise data and users' data protection. It is analysed/discussed how its EIS innovative features, together with other systems, could contribute to promote sustainable mobility in enterprises ecosystem and it is also enlightened a Portuguese company case. © 2020 IEEE.

Abstract
The planning and design of sustainable and smart cities—cities of the future—should properly address the challenges that arise by the every day growth of the urban population. Mobility is an important issue considering social inclusion and the sustainable development of such cities. Thus, future mobility will have an increased importance when having to plan and design the cities of tomorrow. A key component of any future mobility and its metabolism is what is known as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), representing emerging opportunities from any type or mode of transportation in future cities. Through an empirical and explorative research methodology, this chapter presents the main issues and characteristics that any future MaaS should consider. Concluding, some features and trends are presented that should be considered in the development of future MaaS systems, allowing a more convenient provision of sustainable, versatile and attractive mobility services. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Abstract
This introductory chapter provides a synopsis of the underlying factors that enable the existence of the mobility as a service (MaaS) concept and its role regarding the improvement of the performance of transportation systems. Therefore, several considerations are made to contextualize MaaS in modern societies explaining not only its main functions and advantages but also the challenges facing its widespread implementation.

Abstract
The environmental concerns together with social inclusion issues and the need to promote economic equity in the society have profound implications regarding the sustainable mobility concept. This allied to a technological (r)evolution leads to the path of the internet of mobility (IoM). On the other hand, we are witnessing the prosperity of mobility associated with services, mobility as a service (MaaS), which also aims at the integration of different transport modes. Linking together IoM and MaaS, the internet of mobility as a service (IoMaaS) concept is introduced, which can learn from the end user experiences and behaviors, enabling the reduction of ease of use and sustainable mobility, while supporting a much-needed cultural shift regarding mobility habits.