Abstract
Negative organizations, where powerful people manage to keep a negative strategy in place, one which does not benefit the firm but perpetuates their power, is a reality discussed herein. Positive organizations, led by positive leaders who do not feel threatened by brilliant employees who have brilliant ideas, may be less prominent than we think and should not be taken for granted. Following thirty years of working in organizations, both large and small, the author has come to realize that the status quo tends to be very strong, and that innovating and disrupting that balance is not only dangerous but seldom succeeds. More research is necessary in this field to prove this theory right. This article aims to point readers and researchers in the right direction and to challenge one to think just how negative organizations may be. The article is based on the experience of the author; on a look at the case of Nokia (the former handheld mobile phone division), seen to be a negative organization; as well as on in-depth personal interviews with three experts (a purposive sample) on the topic of positive versus negative organizations; and, finally, the results of two surveys (n = 116—millennials; and n = 115—Generation Z) are shared. A total of 94.8% of the Generation Z respondents (109 respondents in total) believe negative organizations to exist (where the status quo may prevail over innovative individuals and innovation to the detriment of the global organizational strategy), which is seen to be very encouraging for this research study.

Abstract

Abstract
Nowadays, and increasingly, Artificial Intelligence (AI) occupies a leading role in the world, being used in the most diverse contexts. The retail sector is just one of them. The starting question that originated this article is: is Portugal receptive to the use of cutting-edge Artificial Intelligence in retail? In other words, what is the opinion of the Portuguese and residents in Portugal, as consumers, regarding the use of automation by retail companies? Based on the analysis of the answers to an online questionnaire (which obtained 132 answers), we will present our conclusions regarding this matter. The goal is to understand if Portuguese people / residents in Portugal are willing and interested in going to supermarkets like Amazon Go or Continente Labs (or Pingo Doce & GO NOVA). In addition, it is intended to understand the reasons that lead them to respond skeptically, so that, in the future, strategies may be initiated by the companies of the sector, which based on greater and better education, may clarify, and perhaps change their assumptions and convictions. The results of this study reveal that the Portuguese and residents in Portugal are not yet interested in using automated supermarkets, showing some mistrust and reticence towards this new technology, although they recognize that it can increase the speed and efficiency of the service. In fact, of the 37,1% of respondents that consider it quite attractive, about 84% believe it may have a significant impact on the reduction of time spent shopping.

Abstract
The European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) represent the main instrument of European Cohesion Policy to sustain territorial development and to eliminate regional disparities between the EU member states. The study of the impacts of ESIF on the economic growth and development of EU members has gained increasing attention in the academic community, and there has been significant scientific production on this topic. This study consists of a bibliometric analysis of articles published in the period from 2011 to 2020 and indexed in two of the main scientific databases: Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. The results of the bibliometric analysis point to relevant trends on the subject, such as the growing number of publications over the years; the great concentration of studies applied in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, namely Romania; and the current interest of researchers in important topics associated with European funds, such as the competitiveness and innovation of SMEs, climate change, economic impact of global crises, sustainable development, institutional capacity of organisations, and cross-border cooperation.