Abstract

Abstract
In the pursuit of increasing efficiency, productivity and flexibility at production lines and their corresponding workstations, manufacturing companies have started to heavily invest in "collaborative workspaces" where close interaction between humans and robots promises to lead to these goals that neither can achieve on their own. Therefore, it is necessary to know the contributions, recommendations and guidelines that literature presents in terms of designing a manufacturing workplace where humans and cobots interact with each other to accomplish the defined objectives. These aspects need to be explored in an integrated and multidisciplinary way to maximize human involvement in the decision chain and to promote wellbeing and quality of work. This paper presents a systematic literature review on designing human-robot collaboration (HRC) workspaces for humans and robots in industrial settings. The study involved 252 articles in international journals and conferences proceedings published till 2019. A detailed selection process led to including 65 articles to further analysis. A framework that represents the complexity levels of the influencing factors presented in human-robot interaction (HRI) contexts was developed for the content analysis. Based on this framework the guidelines and recommendations of the analysed articles are presented in three categories: Category 1 - the first level of complexity, which considers only one specific influencing factor in the HRI. This category was split into two: human operator, and technology; Category 2 - the second level of complexity, includes recommendations and guidelines related to human-robot team's performance, and thus several influencing factors are present in the HRI; and, finally, Category 3 - the third level of complexity, where recommendations and guidelines for more complex and holistic approaches in the HRI are presented. The literature offers contributions from several knowledge areas capable to design safe, ergonomic, sustainable, and healthy human-centred workplaces where not only technical but also social and psychophysical aspects of collaboration are considered.

Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent pathology and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Most patients are diagnosed when the disease has manifested itself, which usually is a sign of lung cancer in an advanced stage and, as a consequence, the 5-year survival rates are low. To increase the chances of survival, improving the cancer early detection capacity is crucial, for which computed tomography (CT) scans represent a key role. The manual evaluation of the CTs is a time-consuming task and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can help relieve that burden. The segmentation of the lung is one of the first steps in these systems, yet it is very challenging given the heterogeneity of lung diseases usually present and associated with cancer development. In our previous work, a segmentation model based on a ResNet34 and U-Net combination was developed on a cross-cohort dataset that yielded good segmentation masks for multiple pathological conditions but misclassified some of the lung nodules. The multiple datasets used for the model development were originated from different annotation protocols, which generated inconsistencies for the learning process, and the annotations are usually not adequate for lung cancer studies since they did not comprise lung nodules. In addition, the initial datasets used for training presented a reduced number of nodules, which was showed not to be enough to allow the segmentation model to learn to include them as a lung part. In this work, an objective protocol for the lung mask's segmentation was defined and the previous annotations were carefully reviewed and corrected to create consistent and adequate ground-truth masks for the development of the segmentation model. Data augmentation with domain knowledge was used to create lung nodules in the cases used to train the model. The model developed achieved a Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) above 0.9350 for all test datasets and it showed an ability to cope, not only with a variety of lung patterns, but also with the presence of lung nodules as well. This study shows the importance of using consistent annotations for the supervised learning process, which is a very time-consuming task, but that has great importance to healthcare applications. Due to the lack of massive datasets in the medical field, which consequently brings a lack of wide representativity, data augmentation with domain knowledge could represent a promising help to overcome this limitation for learning models development.

Abstract
The issue of a state estimation-based fault-tolerant controller for direct current (dc) microgrids (MGs) is studied in this article. It is considered that the dc MG contains nonlinear constant power load (CPL) and is subjected to actuator faults. Current sensors are not installed and the voltages of the dc MG are measured in the presence of noise and sensor faults. To estimate the system states, a novel dual-Extended Kalman filter is proposed, which simultaneously estimates the states and faults. The fault- and noise-free estimations are then deployed in a nonlinear Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy predictive controller to regulate the dc MG. The proposed method outperforms the exiting results, being robust against faults and noise. Also, the predictive scheme makes it robust against system uncertainties and forces the system states to converge the desired values, precisely. The accuracy and robustness of the developed method are evaluated and compared to advanced state-of-the-art techniques for a typical dc MG with a resistive load, CPL, and energy storage unit.

Abstract
Paper aims: This study analyzes the comprehension of production engineering students about the influence of some key variables on the process performance measures in a service process, Originality: This paper points out the need for educators to re-evaluate their approaches to teaching the Operations Management (OM) principles related to process flow measures, Research method: This study used scenario-based role-playing experiments with 2×2×2 between-subject factorial design with three independent variables (variability of activities, capacity utilization, and resource pooling) and four dependent variables related to key internal process performance measures (Flow Time, Overall Quality of service, Quality of service employees, and Queue Size), The sample was composed of 178 undergraduate production engineering students from a large university in Brazil from various institution units, Main findings: These results show that students perceived the use of resource pooling as an impactful practice, However, the students did not correctly identify the effects of increasing resource utilization and the variability on flow time and queue size when activities are pooled, Implications for theory and practice: The teaching of basic concepts of OM requires the support of computational tools, Undergraduate courses that contemplate subjects in the field of OM should work more intensely on simulation-based learning.

Abstract
Laser guide star (LGS) wave-front sensing (LGSWFS) is a key element of tomographic adaptive optics system. However, when considering Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) scales, the LGS spot elongation becomes so large that it challenges the standard recipes to design LGSWFS. For classical Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor (SHWFS), which is the current baseline for all ELT LGS-Assisted instruments, a trade-off between the pupil spatial sampling [number of sub-Apertures (SAs)], the SA field-of-view (FoV) and the pixel sampling within each SA is required. For ELT scales, this trade-off is also driven by strong technical constraints, especially concerning the available detectors and in particular their number of pixels. For SHWFS, a larger field of view per SA allows mitigating the LGS spot truncation, which represents a severe loss of performance due to measurement biases. For a given number of available detectors pixels, the SA FoV is competing with the proper sampling of the LGS spots, and/or the total number of SAs. We proposed a sensitivity analysis, and we explore how these parameters impacts the final performance. In particular, we introduce the concept of super resolution, which allows one to reduce the pupil sampling per WFS and opens an opportunity to propose potential LGSWFS designs providing the best performance for ELT scales.