Abstract
Context: Software testing is an often used method to ensure software quality, with developers spending a significant amount of time on it. However, software testing education is underrepresented in curricula, particularly with regard to Conceptual Modelling (CM), where model-level validation is important. As a consequence, graduate students are insufficiently prepared for industry-level testing. Objective: We want to understand students' behavioural patterns during model testing and their relationship to testing effectiveness.Method: We use process mining to analyze 554 interaction logs from students using a conceptual model simulation tool.Results: We identify three strategies: the coverage chaser (using feedback iteratively), the problem solver (balancing feedback with requirements focus), and the disconnected tester (avoiding feedback-driven iteration). High-coverage students integrated feedback into test loops; low-coverage students did not. Notably, high and average-coverage students achieved similar grades, suggesting a plateau where systematic testing enables sufficient educational performance without requiring maximum coverage.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of teaching students to systematically use coverage feedback to guide test design in CM contexts.

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Abstract
The ability to assess molecular binding kinetics in real time is critical for advancing our understanding of molecular interactions in biochemical and biotechnological systems. This work presents a novel optical tweezer (OT)-based method to monitor molecular affinity in real time, focusing on the high-affinity streptavidin-biotin system as a model. Transparent poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microparticles functionalized with streptavidin were trapped before, during, and after binding with biotinylated bovine serum albumin (biotin-BSA), enabling the analysis of forward-scattered signals to detect nanoscale changes in particle size. By applying the Power Spectral Density method, the friction coefficient of individual particles was calculated, allowing for real-time tracking of binding dynamics and the estimation of the association rate constant (kon approximate to 106M-1s-1). These results are consistent with literature values and demonstrate the potential of this OT-based approach for non-invasive, label-free detection of molecular interactions. Compared to existing techniques, such as atomic force microscopy and cantilever-based sensors, this method offers significant advantages, including real-time monitoring, adaptability to different bioaffinity systems, and compatibility with miniaturized setups. This work establishes a foundation for using OT-based tools to monitor high-affinity molecular interactions in real time. While demonstrated here using biotinylated BSA as a model ligand, future studies will explore the method's applicability to smaller ligands and more subtle surface modifications.

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Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer disease (AD) imposes significant cognitive, emotional, and practical challenges on individuals and their caregivers. Informal caregivers, often family members, assume a central role in managing complex care routines, frequently with limited support. Digital tools offer promising avenues for addressing these challenges, yet existing solutions often lack integration, personalization, or user-centered design.Methods: This study presents the design, development, and validation of AlzCare, a digital health solution developed using a user-centered design (UCD) methodology. The needs assessment involved 52 survey respondents and 6 in-depth interviews with caregivers and healthcare professionals. Based on this, a prototype was developed integrating modules for health monitoring, cognitive stimulation, task management, and caregiver support. Usability and functionality were evaluated through testing with 25 participants using task-based interaction, semistructured interviews, and the System Usability Scale (SUS).Results: The solution received highly positive feedback regarding usability, relevance, and emotional resonance. The SUS yielded a mean score of 90.9, indicating Best Imaginable usability. Users valued features such as daily health tracking, the Who Am I? reminiscence tool, and the caregiver support section. Suggestions included automating data entry and integrating wearables.Discussion: AlzCare demonstrates how digital technologies developed through participatory approaches can support informal dementia caregiving across practical and emotional dimensions. Future work will focus on broader clinical integration, automation, and longitudinal validation in real-world settings. The findings reinforce the value of accessible, holistic digital tools in advancing dementia care within telemedicine ecosystems.