Abstract
The Industry 4.0 technologies and servitization are requiring manufacturers to reinvent themselves to remain competitive. In this sense, companies are putting more emphasis on the customer experience, while associating services to their products with the support of emerging technologies. At the same time, actors in the innovation ecosystem such as universities, research institutes, and service providers are involved in the value co-creation process. Thus, this study aims to systemize and present the main findings of a literature review regarding the role of digitalization, servitization, and innovation ecosystem actors in boosting innovation in business models. The study involved 585 articles in international journals and conference proceedings published till 2021. A detailed selection process led 10 articles for further analysis. As a consequence of digitalization and servitization, there has to be an alignment among ecosystem actors to capture the co-created value generated by BMI. Moreover, the combination of BMI, servitization, and digitalization may also be structured into frameworks according to the different levels of each of those factors, thus allowing for companies to assess and position themselves in such frameworks and identify the path to follow. However, any of these articles addressed the combination of the three topics proposed: digitalization, servitization, and the contribution of the innovation ecosystem actors, even if they showed a clear interdependence between these areas, leading to common findings impacting BMI.

Abstract
The transition to a circular water economy by water reuse has many drivers and barriers. Facing them requires integrated approaches where new water users and producers are considered under a water–land nexus. Policies, regulations, and plans foreseeing water circularity are critical factors for a successful transition. However, little is known about how policy and planning contexts consider water circularity. This chapter develops an analytical framework based on a typical decision-making arena and a set of enabling factors used to analyze selected policy and planning documents, namely circular economy action plans, water and spatial planning frameworks, and water and spatial plans. This analytical framework is then applied to assess how the current policy and planning the set-up of three municipalities located in southern European countries, namely Almendralejo (Spain), Lecce (Italy), and Omis (Croatia), are prepared to facilitate new water circular economy initiatives. The findings bring to the fore very different settings. Although the policy, regulations, and plans recognize the water–land nexus, the integration of circularity codes still needs to be fostered. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Abstract

Abstract
This article presents Kadabra, a Java source-to-source compiler that allows users to make code queries, code analysis and code transformations, all user-programmable using the domain-specific language LARA. We show how Kadabra can be used as the basis for developing a runtime autotuning and adaptivity framework, able to adapt existing source Java code in order to take advantage of runtime autotuning. Specifically, this article presents the framework, consisting of Kadabra and an API for runtime adaptivity. We show the use of the framework to extend Java applications with autotuning and runtime adaptivity mechanisms to target performance improvement and/or energy saving goals.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Abstract
As gamification spreads to new areas, new applications are being developed and the interest in evaluating gamified systems continues to grow. To date, however, no one has comprehensively approached this topic: multiple evaluation dimensions and measures have been proposed and applied without any effort to organize them into a full gamut of tools for the multi-dimensional evaluation of gamified systems. This paper addresses this gap by proposing GATUGU, a set of six perspectives of evaluation of gamified systems: General effects of gamification, Area-specific effects of gamification, Technical quality of gamified systems, Use of gamified systems, Gamefulness of gamified systems, and User experience of gamified systems. For each perspective, GATUGU indicates the relevant dimensions of evaluation, and, for each dimension, one measure is suggested. GATUGU does not introduce any new measurement tools but merely recommends one of the available tools for each dimension, considering their popularity and ease of use. GATUGU can guide researchers in selecting gamification system evaluation perspectives and dimensions and in finding adequate measurement tools. Thanks to conforming to GATUGU, the published gamification system evaluation results will become easier to compare and to perform various kinds of meta-analyses on them.

Abstract
Performance of transactional systems is degraded by update hotspots as conflicts lead to waiting and wasted work. This is particularly challenging in emerging large-scale database systems, as latency increases the probability of conflicts, state-of-the-art lock-based mitigations are not available, and most alternatives provide only weak consistency and cannot enforce lower bound invariants. We address this challenge with Multi-Record Values (MRVs), a technique that can be layered on existing database systems and that uses randomization to split and access numeric values in multiple records such that the probability of conflict can be made arbitrarily small. The only coordination needed is the underlying transactional system, meaning it retains existing isolation guarantees. The proposal is tested on five different systems ranging from DBx1000 (scale-up) to MySQL GR and a cloud-native NewSQL system (scale-out). The experiments explore design and configuration trade-offs and, with the TPC-C and STAMP Vacation benchmarks, demonstrate improved throughput and reduced abort rates when compared to alternatives.