Abstract
Supplier selection for strategic items requires a comprehensive framework dealing with qualitative and quantitative aspects of a company's competitive priorities and supply risk, decision scope, and uncertainty. In order to address these aspects, this study aims to tackle supplier selection for strategic items with a multi-sourcing, taking into account multi-criteria, incorporating uncertainty of decision-makers judgment and supplier-buyer parameters, and integrating with inventory management which the past studies have not addressed well. We develop a novel two-phase solution approach based on integrated multi-criteria decision -making (MCDM) and multi-objective simulation-optimization (S-O). First, MCDM methods, including fuzzy AHP and interval TOPSIS, are applied to calculate suppliers' scores, incorporating uncertain decision makers' judgment. S-O then combines the (quantitative) cost-related criteria and considers supply disruptions and uncertain supplier-buyer parameters. By running this approach on data generated based on previous studies, we evaluate the impact of the decision maker's and the objective's weight, which are considered important in supplier selection.

Abstract
There is a clear gap in the literature on comparing entrepreneurship in urban and rural areas and analysing distinct differences between them, impacting their survival and growth. This study aims to find the motivations and classifications of success for urban and rural entrepreneurs. A case study approach was adopted, with six cases on urban and rural Scottish enterprises. These contrasting motivations and conceptions of success have been linked to the way companies strategise. Our findings contribute to the literature by adding an understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs in rural and urban businesses, respectively. Further, the study was conducted in Scotland, which adds a subsequent understanding of the motivations of entrepreneurs within the country specifically, which can be used in future research within the country.

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Programs with a continuous state space or that interact with physical processes often require notions of equivalence going beyond the standard binary setting in which equivalence either holds or does not hold. In this paper we explore the idea of equivalence taking values in a quantale V, which covers the cases of (in)equations and (ultra)metric equations among others.Our main result is the introduction of a V-equational deductive system for linear lambda-calculus together with a proof that it is sound and complete. In fact we go further than this, by showing that linear lambda-theories based on this V-equational system form a category equivalent to a category of autonomous categories enriched over 'generalised metric spaces'. If we instantiate this result to inequations, we get an equivalence with autonomous categories enriched over partial orders. In the case of (ultra)metric equations, we get an equivalence with autonomous categories enriched over (ultra)metric spaces. Additionally, we show that this syntax-semantics correspondence extends to the affine setting.We use our results to develop examples of inequational and metric equational systems for higher-order programming in the setting of real-time, probabilistic, and quantum computing.