Abstract
This paper presents on-going work developing a formal framework for the model-based analysis of human-machine interaction in multiple critical systems. The framework builds on classical results from applied psychology on selective attention and working memory. The framework is intended for developers of interactive critical systems to identify plausible human multitasking strategies that are likely to be adopted by operators when using multiple interactive systems at the same time, and to estimate the memory load necessary to complete concurrent tasks. This type of analysis is especially useful at the early stages of system design, to better understand the effort necessary to operate the system when an implementation or a prototype of the system is unavailable. The analysis can also be used retrospectively, to analyse already implemented systems and complement results from user studies. An example based on infusion pumps, used in chemotherapy to infuse doses over a period, is employed to demonstrate the utility of the framework. The framework makes it possible to model the interactive tasks necessary to configure the pumps and start the infusion. The results of the analysis indicate situations where the operator is unable to carry out the task because of omission errors. These results are in line with experimental results reported in the literature, and may provide more detailed hypotheses that can be validated experimentally.

Abstract
Interest in autonomous vehicles has steadily increased in recent years. A number of tasks, like lane tracking, semaphore detection and decoding, are key features for a self-driving robot. This paper presents a path detection and tracking algorithm using the Inverse Perspective Mapping and Hough Transform methods compounded with real-time vision techniques and a semaphore recognition system based on color segmentation. An evaluation of the proposed algorithm is performed and a comparison between the results using real-time techniques is also presented. The suggested architecture has been put to test on autonomous driving robot who competed in the Portuguese autonomous vehicle competition called "Festival Nacional de Robotica". The overall process of the lane tracking algorithm, takes about 1.4 ms per image, almost 60 times faster than the first algorithm tested and a good accuracy, showing a translation error below 0.03m and a rotation error below 5 degrees. Regarding the real-time semaphore recognition, it takes about 0.35 ms to detect a semaphore and has achieved a perfect score in the laboratory tests performed.

Abstract
The arsenic content of dried baby shrimp (Acetes sp.) was investigated as part of an independent field study of human exposure to toxic metals/metalloids among the ethnic Chinese community located in Upstate New York. The dried baby shrimp were analyzed in a home environment using a portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) instrument based on monochromatic excitation. Study participants had obtained their dried baby shrimp either from a local Chinese market or prepared them at home. The shrimp are typically between 10-20 mm in size and are consumed whole, without separating the tail from the head. Elevated levels of As were detected using portable XRF, ranging between 5-30 g g(-1). Shrimp samples were taken to the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) for Synchrotron Radiation XRF (SR-XRF) elemental mapping using a 384-pixel Maia detector system. The Maia detector provided high resolution trace element images for As, Ca, and Br, (among others) and showed localized accumulation of As within the shrimp's cephalothorax (head), and various abdominal segments. As quantification by SR-XRF was performed using a lobster hepatopancreas reference material pellet (NRC-CNRC TORT-2), with results in good agreement with both portable XRF and ICP-MS. Additional As characterization using X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) with the Maia XRF detector at CHESS identified arsenobetaine and/or arsenocholine as the possible As species present. Further arsenic speciation analysis by LC-ICP-MS/MS confirmed that the majority of As (>95%) is present as the largely non-toxic arsenobetaine species with trace amounts of arsenocholine, methylated As and inorganic As species detected.

Abstract
Within the smart grid (SG) paradigm, the microgrid (MG) concept has been pointed out as a pathway for the implementation of future smart distribution networks since it extends and decentralizes the distribution network monitoring and control capability and provides key self-healing capabilities to low voltage (LV) networks. The increased interest on the MG concept has led to several demonstration activities that have been exploited worldwide. Therefore, this chapter provides an overview regarding some of the laboratorial infrastructures and pilot sites dedicated to development of MG and SG concepts. Additionally, it is presented and discussed the development of a specific SG laboratorial infrastructure following the MG concept.

Abstract
Context. eta Car is one of the most intriguing luminous blue variables in the Galaxy. Observations and models of the X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and infrared emission suggest a central binary in a highly eccentric orbit with a 5.54 yr period residing in its core. 2D and 3D radiative transfer and hydrodynamic simulations predict a primary with a dense and slow stellar wind that interacts with the faster and lower density wind of the secondary. The wind-wind collision scenario suggests that the secondary's wind penetrates the primary's wind creating a low-density cavity in it, with dense walls where the two winds interact. However, the morphology of the cavity and its physical properties are not yet fully constrained. Aims. We aim to trace the inner similar to 5-50 au structure of eta Car's wind-wind interaction, as seen through Br gamma and, for the first time, through the He i 2s-2p line. Methods. We have used spectro-interferometric observations with the K-band beam-combiner GRAVITY at the VLTI. The analyses of the data include (i) parametrical model-fitting to the interferometric observables, (ii) a CMFGEN model of the source's spectrum, and (iii) interferometric image reconstruction. Results. Our geometrical modeling of the continuum data allows us to estimate its FWHM angular size close to 2 mas and an elongation ratio epsilon = 1.06 +/- 0.05 over a PA = 130 degrees +/- 20 degrees. Our CMFGEN modeling of the spectrum helped us to confirm that the role of the secondary should be taken into account to properly reproduce the observed Br gamma and He i lines. Chromatic images across the Br gamma line reveal a southeast arc-like feature, possibly associated to the hot post-shocked winds flowing along the cavity wall. The images of the He i 2s-2p line served to constrain the 20 mas (similar to 50 au) structure of the line-emitting region. The observed morphology of He i suggests that the secondary is responsible for the ionized material that produces the line profile. Both the Br gamma and the He i 2s-2p maps are consistent with previous hydrodynamical models of the colliding wind scenario. Future dedicated simulations together with an extensive interferometric campaign are necessary to refine our constraints on the wind and stellar parameters of the binary, which finally will help us predict the evolutionary path of eta Car.

Abstract
This paper presents a reliability-based approach for the design and deployment of an energy management system (EMS) by using 'smart' applications, such as energy storage (ES), to control battery power output in residential dwellings, and thus improve distribution-network reliability performance. The state of charge (SOC) of the battery system is designed based on time-varying electricity tariff, load demand and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation data to investigate a realistic test-case scenario. Additionally, a typical MV/LV urban distribution system is fully modelled and scripted to investigate the potential benefits that 'smart' interventions can offer to customers' quality of power supply. In this research, Monte-Carlo simulation method is further developed to include the time-variation of electricity demand profiles and failure rates of network components. Accordingly, the reliability-based effects from SOC variation in batteries are compared with an uncontrolled microgeneration (MG) scenario, by using different PV penetration levels to justify the value of control. The benefits are assessed through standard reliability indices measuring frequency and duration of power interruptions and most importantly, the energy not supplied to customers during sustained interruptions.