Abstract
The decision making framework in power systems has changed due to presence of distributed energy resources (DERs). These resources are installed in distribution networks to meet demand locally. Therefore, distribution companies (Discos) are able to supply energy through these resources to meet their demand at a minimum operation cost. In this framework, the Disco will change its role in the wholesale energy market from price taker to price maker. DERs can provide reserve in their normal operation; this facilitates the provision of reserves by the Disco in the wholesale reserve market. Therefore, in this paper, the strategic behavior of a Disco in wholesale energy and reserve markets is modeled as a bi-level optimization problem. In the proposed model, the operation problem of the Disco and the independent system operator are modeled in the tipper- and lower-level problems, respectively. Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions and duality theory are used to transform the proposed nonlinear hi-level problem to a linear single level one. Numerical studies show the effectiveness of the proposed model and its solution methodology.

Abstract
The continuous use of the muscles in any kind of physical exercises results in muscular fatigue, which can be defined as the incapability of the muscle to perform with the same effectiveness over the course of time. The analysis of physical exercise intensity has great importance in various fields, including sports and physiotherapy. In this paper, the rate of blinking eyes and the change in shape of mouth throughout the physical exercise are analyzed using computer vision techniques, and compared with the perceived exertion. The experiments were done using the facial video of three athletes, grabbed during a stationary cycle of physical exercise, until maximal muscle activity was achieved. The perceived exertion was reported at the end of each minute. The blinking of the eyes and opening of the mouth were detected by counting the number of bright pixels in the region of interest of an eye and of the mouth. These regions were detected using the Viola and Jones algorithm. We have proved the existence of a correlation between the opening and closing of the mouth and the eye-blinking rates with the physical exercise intensity (i.e., the higher the exercise intensity, the higher the rate of eye-blinking and mouth opening and closing). We obtained 95% accuracy in blinking eye detection.

Abstract

Abstract
This paper reviews flexibility products and flexibility markets, currently being discussed or designed to help in the operation of power systems under their evolving environment. This evolution is characterized by the increase of renewable generation and distributed energy resources (including distributed generation, self-consumption, demand response and electric vehicles). The paper is an attempt to review and classify flexibility products considering its main attributes such as scope, purpose, location or provider, and to summarize some of the main approaches to flexibility markets designs and implementations. Main current literature gaps and most promising research lines for future work are also identified.

Abstract
Aging is a natural process during which a person's physical and mental condition will degrade, imposing limitations on their lifestyle. The consequences of aging can be aggravated when the elderly permanently move to an elderly care center, causing a decline in social relations and contact with family and friends, with negative effects on the person's well-being. Therefore, it is important to act to maintain these relationships in the later stages of life. In this work we propose a roadmap to introduce and evaluate the usage of telepresence robots in elderly care centers, so that family and friends can interact with the elderly more often and with better quality. The proposal defines a set of steps to introduce the robots into the care center environment, as well as an evaluation methodology to assess the success of implementing the roadmap.

Abstract
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique very effective for the measurement of small displacements of the Earth's surface over large areas at a very low cost in comparison with conventional geodetic techniques. Advanced InSAR time series (Multi-Temporal InSAR or MT-InSAR) algorithms for monitoring and investigating surface displacement on Earth are based on conventional radar interferometry. These techniques allow us to measure deformation with uncertainties of one millimeter per year, interpreting time series of interferometric phases at coherent point scatterers (PS) without the need for human or special equipment presence. By applying InSAR processing techniques to a series of radar images over the same region, it is possible to monitor large areas and detect vertical displacements of ground, and infrastructures on the ground, and therefore identify abnormal or excessive movements indicating potential problems requiring detailed ground investigation. In this paper, we apply the PS-InSAR technique to a dataset of ERS-1/2 and Envisat radar images covering the period 1993-2010, to monitor the northern sector of the Valencia basin (Valencia city and its surroundings). Some subsiding areas were detected, with rates up to -5 mm/yr, whose causes are being investigated.