Abstract
We develop a technique for proving lower bounds in the setting of asymmetric communication, a model that was introduced in the famous works of Miltersen (STOC'94) and Miltersen, Nisan, Safra and Wigderson (STOC'95). At the core of our technique is a novel simulation theorem: Alice gets a p x n matrix x over F-2 and Bob gets a vector y is an element of F-2(n). Alice and Bob need to evaluate f (x center dot y) for a Boolean function f : {0, 1}(p) -> {0, 1}. Our simulation theorems show that a deterministic/randomized communication protocol exists for this problem, with cost C center dot n for Alice and C for Bob, if and only if there exists a deterministic/randomized parity decision tree of cost Theta(C) for evaluating f. As applications of this technique, we obtain the following results: (i) The first strong lower-bounds against randomized data-structure schemes for the Vector-Matrix-Vector product problem over F-2. Moreover, our method yields strong lower bounds even when the data-structure scheme has tiny advantage over random guessing. (ii) The first lower bounds against randomized data-structures schemes for two natural Boolean variants of Orthogonal Vector Counting. (iii) We construct an asymmetric communication problem and obtain a deterministic lower-bound for it which is provably better than any lower-bound that may be obtained by the classical Richness Method of Miltersen et al.. This seems to be the first known limitation of the Richness Method in the context of proving deterministic lower bounds.

Abstract
Transcriptional dysregulation induced by aberrant transcription factors (TF) is a key feature of cancer, but its global influence on drug sensitivity has not been examined. Here, we infer the transcriptional activity of 127 TFs through analysis of RNA-seq gene expression data newly generated for 448 cancer cell lines, combined with publicly available datasets to survey a total of 1,056 cancer cell lines and 9,250 primary tumors. Predicted TF activities are supported by their agreement with independent shRNA essentiality profiles and homozygous gene deletions, and recapitulate mutant-specific mechanisms of transcriptional dysregulation in cancer. By analyzing cell line responses to 265 compounds, we uncovered numerous TFs whose activity interacts with anticancer drugs. Importantly, combining existing pharmacogenomic markers with TF activities often improves the stratification of cell lines in response to drug treatment. Our results, which can be queried freely at dorothea.opentargets.io, offer a broad foundation for discovering opportunities to refine personalized cancer therapies. Significance: Systematic analysis of transcriptional dysregulation in cancer cell lines and patient tumor specimens offers a publicly searchable foundation to discover new opportunities to refine personalized cancer therapies. © 2017 American Association for Cancer Research.

Abstract
A fixed bed adsorption mathematical model has been developed to describe the kinetic separation of hexane isomers when they flow through a packed bed containing the microporous Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) ZIF-8 adsorbent. The flow of inert and adsorbable species through the fixed bed is modeled with fundamental differential equations according to the mass and heat conservation laws, a general isotherm to describe adsorption equilibrium and a lumped kinetic mass transfer mechanism between bulk gas phase and the porous solid. It is shown that a proper combination of two characteristic times (the residence time of the gas in the fixed bed, tfb and the characteristic time of diffusion of solutes into the pores tdif) can lead to very different dynamics of fixed bed adsorbers where in a limiting case can gives rise to a spontaneous breakthrough curves of solutes. The numerical simulations of an experimental breakthrough curve with the developed mathematical model clearly explain the complete separation between linear n-Hexane (nHEX) and the respective branched isomers: 3-Methyl-Pentane (3MP) and 2, 2-Dimethyl-Butane (22DMB). The separation is due to significant differences in the diffusivity parameters tdif between 3MP and 22DMB and the residence time of the gas mixture tfb within the fixed bed. This work shows the importance of mathematical modelling for the comprehension and design of adsorption separation processes. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract
In this study, an optimization problem is proposed for improving the flexibility of a distribution system including shared energy storage systems (ESSs) and residential consumers with elastic heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units. To this end, a direct compressor control mechanism (DCCM) is used for meeting the load reduction target of load serving entities (LSEs) by controlling the HVACs, and an optimal management strategy is presented for exploiting the benefits of shared ESSs during critical peak periods. Furthermore, an additional objective is included in the problem structure, which leads to a bi-level optimization problem, in order to reduce the possible consumers' discomfort caused by frequent HVAC interruptions. The effectiveness of the proposed bi-level optimization problem is demonstrated by comparing various performance metrics with those of two benchmark methods.