Abstract
This article deals with the topic of divestment. In the early 1990s, the Portuguese electrical and electronics industry (EEI) attracted high levels of foreign direct investment. This increase in capital flows played an important role in Portugal's economic development. However, after a period of growth and expansion, divestments became more common and the Portuguese government had to work hard to retain the existing investments. This study adopts a qualitative and historical approach to examine how economic and social changes impacted divestments in the EEI between 1975 and 2015, contributing to develop extant theories on divestment. The article helps to understand what happened to the Portuguese manufacturing industry and to the EEI in particular, providing valuable lessons on international divestments and production relocations.

Abstract

Abstract
New miniaturized sensors for biological and medical applications must be adapted to the measuring environments and they should provide a high measurement resolution to sense small changes. The Vernier effect is an effective way of magnifying the sensitivity of a device, allowing for higher resolution sensing. We applied this concept to the development of a small-size optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer probe that presents more than 60-fold higher sensitivity to temperature than the normal Fabry-Perot interferometer without the Vernier effect. This enables the sensor to reach higher temperature resolutions. The silica Fabry-Perot interferometer is created by focused ion beam milling of the end of a tapered multimode fiber. Multiple Fabry-Perot interferometers with shifted frequencies are generated in the cavity due to the presence of multiple modes. The reflection spectrum shows two main components in the Fast Fourier transform that give rise to the Vernier effect. The superposition of these components presents an enhancement of sensitivity to temperature. The same effect is also obtained by monitoring the reflection spectrum node without any filtering. A temperature sensitivity of -654 pm/degrees C was obtained between 30 degrees C and 120 degrees C, with an experimental resolution of 0.14 degrees C. Stability measurements are also reported.

Abstract
This paper presents an operation strategy of energy hubs in the presence of electrical, heating, and cooling demand as well as renewable power generation uncertainties. The proposed strategy can be used for optimal decision making of energy providers companies, as well as, other private participants of hub operators. The presence of electrical energy storage devise in the assumed energy hub can handle the fluctuations in the operating points raised by such uncertainties. In order to modeling of hourly demands and renewable power generation uncertainties a scenario generation model is adopted in this paper. The considered energy hub in this study follows a centralized framework and the energy hub operator is responsible for optimal operation of the hub assets based on the day-ahead scheduling. The simulation result illustrates that in the presence of electrical energy storage devices the optimal operation of hub assets can be attained.

Abstract
Multimedia content adaptation decision is necessary whenever a multimedia transmission system has multiple adaptations available to adjust the content representation requirements to the present available system resources. The implementation of an adaptation decision module, based on a Markov Decision Process, requires to weight the adaptations, to establish the adaptation plan to deliver the best possible Quality of Experience (QoE) to the user. We present a method, using a feedforward neural network, to determine these costs using two approaches: user and service provider perspectives.

Abstract