Abstract
In this paper, multiarea economic dispatch (MAED) problems are solved by a novel straightforward process. The solved MAED problems include transmission losses, tie-line constraints, multiple fuels, valve-point effects, and prohibited operating zones in which small, medium, and large scale test systems are involved. The methodology of tackling the problems consists in a new hybrid combination of JAYA and TLBO algorithms simultaneously to take the advantages of both to solve even nonsmooth and non-convex MAED problems. In addition, a new and simple process is used to tackle with the interaction between areas. The objective is to economically supply demanded loads in all areas while satisfying all of the constraints. Indeed, by combining JAYA and TLBO algorithms, the convergence speed and the robustness have been improved. The computational results on small, medium, and large-scale test systems indicate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in terms of accuracy, robustness, and convergence speed. The obtained results of the proposed JAYA-TLBO algorithm are compared with those obtained from ten well-known algorithms. The results depict the capability of the proposed JAYA-TLBO based approach to provide a better solution.

Abstract
The context of the fourth industrial revolution brings companies numerous challenges. Agility, flexibility, and responsiveness are necessary characteristics in this business ecosystem, with the deep insertion of digital technologies in manufacturing. Therefore, this work has the objective of developing a model of measurement of the maturity and readiness of the industry 4.0 so that companies can visualize their positioning in this new reality. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used for the development of the model that contemplates 6 (six) dimensions. It was applied in the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), in a multinational manufacturing company. The results obtained are adherent to the reality of the company in relation to the industry 4.0. © 2019, IEOM Society International.

Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential electrolysis have been employed to investigate the reductive intramolecular cyclization of propargyl bromoethers derivatives, catalyzed by electrogenerated (1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane) nickel(I), [Ni(tmc)](+), as the catalyst, in N,N,N-trimethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, [N-1 1 1 2(OH)][NTf2] and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, [C(2)mim][NTf2] in the absence and in the presence of water. The results show that the reaction leads to the formation of the expected heterocyclic compounds, in moderate to good yields. These compounds are important intermediates in the synthesis of natural products with possible biological activities. (C) 2019 The Electrochemical Society.

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Abstract
Existing literature has devoted high attention to the topic of internationalization. A common assumption is that companies progressively commit to international operations; however, with the increase of competition in international markets, there may be a backwards perspective towards international operations. In this chapter, the topic of de-internationalization is examined, and a case study of a Portuguese SME that de-internationalized conducted. The featured case highlights the drivers and the main challenges of internationalization, as well as the factors and the difficulties in a de-internationalization process. The chapter findings highlight the need to expand the existing research on the topics of de-internationalization and re-internationalization.

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