Abstract
The determination of the optical point spread function (PSF) or a model thereof is one key step in the estimation of key astronomical quantities for most science cases. Yet it has proven quite challenging due to crowding or the total absence of point-sources in the field or variability (time, angle and wavelength). For Adaptive-optics (AO) assisted observations, alternative techniques exist such as PSF reconstruction (PSF-R) which relies on the AO control loop data. Our goal is to provide a standardized nomenclature and categorization of the techniques that use focal-plane data (numerical extraction, parametric model-fitting), recovery from telemetry (reconstruction, analytic or Monte Carlo modeling) or both jointly combined (hybrid, deconvolution) in an attempt to gain insight into the advantages and shortcomings of such techniques. Applicability to AO systems on Giant Segmented Mirror Telescopes (GSMT) is our main motivation.

Abstract
Investments in cross-border electricity interconnections are key for the integration of the European energy market. To analyze policy frameworks for these decisions, we model two settings for the expansion of transmission capacity between two regions, where the volume of investment is agreed upon through either Nash-Coase or Nash bargaining. For each setting we provide fair share cost allocation solutions, respectively with and without compensations. Each region has its own TSO, maximizing social welfare within its geography, and the markets are modeled with linear supply and demand curves, with trade enabled by the interconnection. The results of the application of the models to the Iberian market suggest their ability to estimate realistic values for the capacity of cross-border interconnection between two regions.

Abstract
Tawny Port wine is a category of the famous Portuguese fortified wine commercialized worldwide and produced in the Douro Demarcated Region. Tawny Port wine oxidative aging is a multifactorial process critical for reaching the wanted quality. Real time monitoring of important intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are known to affect both time and quality of the aging process are important to optimize and to manage the natural variability between wines aged in different long-used wood barrels. This study presents the design, development and implementation of a remote distributed system to monitor parameters that are known to be critical for Tawny Port wine aging process. Results indicate that the distributed monitoring system was capable to detect differences between oak wood barrels and between the different storage conditions. Indeed, oxygen and redox potential were the wine's parameters where the differences found between different barrels were greater under the same storage conditions. Considering that Tawny Port wine aging process is oxidative, a variation in the wine's aging process between different wood barrels is to be expected. Actually, significant differences were detected in the oxygen consumption rate amongst the different barrels. Differences in the phenolic composition was also observed in the aged wine (controlled temperature and room temperature).

Abstract
This paper presents the study carried out in the Electric Power Systems Project (EPSP) of the Electrical Engineering course, by a student's team, using PBL, under a protocol between the Law Court and the Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra (ISEC / IPC). The purpose of the Electric Power Systems Project is to involve students in a project team, aiming to develop and test a system with a specific function, using concepts and technologies in the field of Electric Power Systems. Upon completing the course, students should demonstrate autonomy in identifying and analysing problems and propose, implement and test the specific solutions. In this work, the Project Based Learning (PBL) methodology was used. The Problem to be solved was presented to the students, by the Professors. The aim of the students was to provide a global framework for the problem of road lighting in Portugal, identifying the technologies used, existing legislation, national plans for improving energy efficiency in the sector, identify the most efficient technologies, learn how to work with software for simulation, propose a solution to the specific problem and justify the solution from a technical and economic point of view.

Abstract
We initiated this series with a view to catalyse and extend the focus on conceptualisation and application of behavioural science methods for managing innovation, albeit from a whole human perspective. We started with the notion that how to increase individual (human) creativity, collaboration productivity and innovativeness in innovation projects is a common concern for most firms. After discussions on the brain-mind-behaviour triad in the beginning, the interim editorial highlighted behavioural experiments as one plausible method to further the science of managing for innovation. In this final piece on the series, we conclude with a caveat on using experimental methods in examining the human side of innovation (Salampasis and Mention 2017) and discuss avenues for future research in innovation management, which increasingly reflects a collaborative affair (Bogers et al., 2017; Heil and Bornemann 2018). (...)

Abstract
In this paper, we describe Fourier-based wave-front sensors (WFSs) as linear integral operators, characterized by their kernel. In the first part, we derive the dependency of this quantity with respect to the WFS’s optical parameters: pupil geometry, filtering mask, and tip/tilt modulation. In the second part, we focus the study on the special case of convolutional kernels. The assumptions required to be in such a regime are described. We then show that these convolutional kernels allow to drastically simplify the WFS model by summarizing its behavior in a concise and comprehensive quantity called the WFS impulse response. We explain in particular how it allows to compute the sensor’s sensitivity with respect to spatial frequencies. Such an approach therefore provides a fast diagnostic tool to compare and optimize Fourier-based WFSs. In the third part, we develop the impact of the residual phases on the sensor’s impulse response, and show that the convolutional model remains valid. Finally, a section dedicated to the pyramid WFS concludes this work and illustrates how the slope maps are easily handled by the convolutional model.