Abstract
This study presents an innovative procedure to assess the evolution of the social performance of firms over time using a Benefit-of-the-Doubt Composite indicator specified with a Directional Distance Function and the Malmquist index. In recent years, the social indicators of large corporations are increasingly being used to evaluate corporate performance. Reputation issues associated with the firms’ impact on society, including local employment and contribution to local economic development are considered critical. This paper develops a composite indicator of social performance that can be used both for benchmarking comparisons among firms within an industry and to monitor the evolution of performance over time. Both desirable and undesirable factors can be taken into account in the performance evaluation. An illustrative application involving the assessment of 24 large mining firms in the years 2011 and 2012 is discussed. The specification of indicators reflecting social burdens and benefits of mining firms is based on international standards and guidelines for large corporations. The managerial implications of the results obtained are discussed. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Abstract
Capacity withholding of generation companies is an important issue in market monitoring procedures. The capacity withholding can be intensified in the transmission and generation constrained system. The strategic maintenance of market participants can impose multiple constraints on the system and changes the wholesale electricity market prices. The strategic maintenance of transmission and generation facilities is known as dynamic capacity withholding (DCW) and all of the market-monitoring units need algorithms to detect and reduce DCW. In this paper, a new dynamic capacity withholding index is presented. The method is analyzed on the IEEE 30, 57-bus test system. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed index. © 2020 IEEE.

Abstract
This work presents multiple small robots in an unhealthy industrial environment responsible for detecting harmful gases to humans, avoiding possible harmful effects on the body. Mixed reality is widely used, considering that the environment and gases are virtual and real small robots. Essential components for the experiments are virtual, such as gases and BioCyber-Sensors. The results establish the great potential for applications in several areas, such as industrial, biomedical, and services. The entire system was developed based on ROS (Robot Operating System), thus the ease in diversifying different applications and approaches with multiple agents. The main objective of small robots is to guaranty a healthy work environment.

Abstract

Abstract
To cope with the fierce business competition and the increasing challenges brought with it, manufacturing companies have been demonstrating a growing interest in extending their service business. It is in this context that companies seek servitization strategies, i.e., developing the capabilities to add services to their traditional product offerings, to increase value to the customers and to differentiate themselves from the competition. However, companies pursuing a servitization strategy often lack methods and tools to design new services adapted to their context. Thus, this article seeks to cover this gap through the development of a new service design method, the (S)ervice (D)esign method for (C)ompanies undergoing a (S)ervitization process: SDCS. The development of this method followed Design Science Research (DSR) methodology. This article also presents the application of the SDCS method in a company undergoing a servitization process.

Abstract
This project is being developed to access elder dependent people, inspired by a geriatric care management@home. According to the project’s main assessment, three stages have been completed and now, in the fourth stage, we are implementing a bio-network with several sensors that assists the caregiver in applying the therapeutic plan. At this point, we have collected data regarding the level of dependency of the elderly, and the risk of development of pressure ulcers, so that we can adapt the sensors according to their need. For example, sensors installed in a bed can warn the caregiver that it is time to change the position of the elderly patient. As such, after testing a prototype in laboratory, we installed the system in two homes where we are currently collecting data.