Abstract
On the internet one can find all kinds of information and perform a multitude of tasks such as searching for information about any subject, purchase goods and services, or enquiring about a particular company. When navigating the web, our focus (where we look) can be captured involuntary through a visual stimulus, or may be directed in a controlled manner depending on the task that we are performing. The layouts of web sites range from simple to highly complex. When creating new layouts, knowing what information is most important when a user is performing a task and which areas are supposed to attract his/her attention are important issues in order to make a web site easier to interpret and consequently their usability. In this paper we present an eye tracking study of users' visual behaviour when surfing on websites and investigate if it is possible to determine likely visual patterns. We show that the visual patterns are different depending on the task that is being performed and not on the web site where it is being carried out. © 2011 ACM.

Abstract
The lack of data in Portugal is a crucial problem for a full characterization and thus a full digital integration for people with disabilities. This is not only a problem of ethic dimension or equal opportunities but have also an economic dimension because excludes a consumer group with economical potential. Hence, this article focuses on the importance of the characterization of people with disabilities in a social, economic and digital perspective. It aims to emphasize their disabilities and ageing evolution, potential value in the digital business and design awareness for inclusion for improve the quality of life of people with disabilities. (C) 2012 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Programme Committee of the 4th International Conference on Software Development for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion (DSAI 2012)

Abstract
Background One of the most mentioned problems of web accessibility, as recognized in several different studies, is related to the difficulty regarding the perception of what is or is not clickable in a web page. In particular, a key problem is the recognition of hyperlinks by a specific group of people, namely those with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods This experiment investigated a methodology based on the direct observation, video recording, interview and data obtained by an eye tracker device. Ten participants took part in this study. They were divided into two groups and asked to perform two tasks: Sing a song and Listen to a story in two websites. These websites were developed to include specific details. The first website presented an image navigation menu (INM), whereas the other one showed a text navigation menu (TNM). Results There was a general improvement regarding the participants' performance when using INMs. Conclusion The referred analysis indeed shows that not only did these specific participants gain a better understanding of the demanding task, but also they showed an improved perception concerning the content of the navigation menu that included hyperlinks with images.

Abstract
As the internet becomes the most significant source for seeking information and acquiring services, the problems raised by the lack of usability and accessibility on websites lead to problems of e-exclusion, which phenomena may potentially have a great impact on one's life. Although some groups of individuals with special needs, namely the visual disabled people, have received the help of researchers to overcome the problem of accessing the information, there are other groups, particularly intellectually disabled people, that received little attention, indicating that their ability to access information is still limited. In this paper we present a study that investigates how people with the mentioned intellectual disabilities interact with web pages, which difficulties do they have while accessing the information and we propose guidelines for the studied group. While conducting this study we have also analyzed how the guidelines (1.0 and 2.0) suggested by W3C are applied to this particular group.

Abstract