Abstract

Abstract
The use of games in Education can encourage/demand students to apply deeper levels of knowledge and competences in solving problems - even if these are simulated or of controlled difficulty level - requiring more than the simple memorization and repetition expressed in tests. Game based approaches have a considerable potential in stimulating critical and strategic thinking that is highly compatible with Bologna's competency model and also make it possible to make learning a more collaborative social activity, which is crucial in the XXI century. The pedagogical team of the course in Human Resources Management of the Integrated Masters in Industrial Engineering and Management developed a gamification model based on a literature review and a reflection in order to support the development of competences, strategies and frameworks in the area of Social Sciences that typically these students somewhat resisted. This paper presents the rationale, system, platform and strategies as well as the main reflections this experiment sparked in students and professors. We believe this work can contribute to the development of game centred approaches in higher education, providing thinking points and insights for other researchers and lecturers.

Abstract
The evolution of urban morphology and urban mobility reveals a complex and multidimensional relation that has been historically linked to the evolution of technology and its influence on people's behaviour, desires, and needs. The increasing level of digitalization of human interactions in both social and work environments has created a new paradigm for urban mobility. Alongside, sustainability concerns are also accelerating the design of new policies for improving citizens' quality of life in urban areas. To address this new paradigm, municipalities need to consider new methodologies encompassing the different dimensions of the urban environment. This can be achieved if key stakeholders participate in co-creating and co-designing new solutions for urban mobility. In this paper we propose a multidisciplinary approach to these problems, supported by service-dominant logic concepts. The approach was used to design the CoDUMIS framework that brings together four dimensions of urban areas (social, urban, technological, and organizational). The application of the framework to four distinct cases, in Portuguese municipalities, resulted in a set of guidelines that help municipalities to improve their services and policies in a participatory environment, involving all the stakeholders.

Abstract

Abstract
Ranking problems arise from the knowledge of several binary relations defined on a set of alternatives, which we intend to rank. In a previous work, the authors introduced a tool to confirm the solutions of multi-attribute ranking problems as linear extensions of a weighted sum of preference relations. An extension of this technique allows the recognition of critical preference pairs of alternatives, which are often caused by inconsistencies. Herein, a confirmation procedure is introduced and applied to confirm the results obtained by a multi-attribute decision methodology on a tender for the supply of buses to the Porto Public Transport Operator.

Abstract
A large variety of techniques have been developed to solve or approximate the solution of multiattribute ranking problems. From such techniques, several implicit or explicit partial orders, defined on the same set of alternatives, are obtained (in many cases, by pairwise comparisons) with the goal of determining a linear order. Often, this goal is attained by assigning positive weights to each partial order relation. However, the imprecise judgments of the pairwise comparisons as well as other factors lead to inconsistencies which have been analyzed in an extensive literature devoted to this type of problem. In this paper, numerical results about linear extensions of weighted sum relations are applied to the recognition of pairwise imprecise judgments between alternatives as well as to the confirmation of a ranking solution as a linear extension of a quasi-order defined by a weighted sum of binary preference relations. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.