2022
Autores
Costa, GD; Petry, MR; Moreira, AP;
Publicação
SENSORS
Abstract
With the continuously growing usage of collaborative robots in industry, the need for achieving a seamless human-robot interaction has also increased, considering that it is a key factor towards reaching a more flexible, effective, and efficient production line. As a prominent and prospective tool to support the human operator to understand and interact with robots, Augmented Reality (AR) has been employed in numerous human-robot collaborative and cooperative industrial applications. Therefore, this systematic literature review critically appraises 32 papers' published between 2016 and 2021 to identify the main employed AR technologies, outline the current state of the art of augmented reality for human-robot collaboration and cooperation, and point out future developments for this research field. Results suggest that this is still an expanding research field, especially with the advent of recent advancements regarding head-mounted displays (HMDs). Moreover, projector-based and HMDs developed approaches are showing promising positive influences over operator-related aspects such as performance, task awareness, and safety feeling, even though HMDs need further maturation in ergonomic aspects. Further research should focus on large-scale assessment of the proposed solutions in industrial environments, involving the solution's target audience, and on establishing standards and guidelines for developing AR assistance systems.
2022
Autores
Magalhaes, SA; Moreira, AP; dos Santos, FN; Dias, J;
Publicação
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
Abstract
This paper studies the state-of-the-art of active perception solutions for manipulation in agriculture and suggests a possible architecture for an active perception system for harvesting in agriculture. Research and developing robots for agricultural context is a challenge, particularly for harvesting and pruning context applications. These applications normally consider mobile manipulators and their cognitive part has many challenges. Active perception systems look reasonable approach for fruit assessment robustly and economically. This systematic literature review focus in the topic of active perception for fruits harvesting robots. The search was performed in five different databases. The search resumed into 1034 publications from which only 195 publications where considered for inclusion in this review after analysis. We conclude that the most of researches are mainly about fruit detection and segmentation in two-dimensional space using evenly classic computer vision strategies and deep learning models. For harvesting, multiple viewpoint and visual servoing are the most commonly used strategies. The research of these last topics does not look robust yet, and require further analysis and improvements for better results on fruit harvesting.
2022
Autores
Ferreira, J; Moreira, AP; Silva, M; Santos, F;
Publicação
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMOUS ROBOT SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIONS (ICARSC)
Abstract
In recent years, there has been great interest from researchers in legged robots. These robots have unique characteristics and are suitable for complex working environments with uneven terrains and unexpected obstacles. They can work on almost any type of terrain, overcome obstacles like stairs much more efficiently than wheeled or tracked robots, and cause a lower impact on the ground when compared with other locomotion systems. To expand the application of robotics to new complex areas, it is essential to accurately locate the robot and plan safe trajectories regardless of the environment, terrain, or weather conditions. Using a legged locomotion system raises some concerns regarding the 3D localization, mapping, and trajectory planning algorithms. This paper reviews those problems and describes the current approaches to localize a robot, map an environment and plan safe trajectories for quadruped robots.
2022
Autores
Sousa, RB; Petry, MR; Costa, PG; Moreira, AP;
Publicação
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
Abstract
Odometry calibration adjusts the kinematic parameters or directly the robot's model to improve the wheeled odometry accuracy. The existent literature considers in the calibration procedure only one steering geometry (differential drive, Ackerman/tricycle, or omnidirectional). Our method, the OptiOdom calibration algorithm, generalizes the odometry calibration problem. It is developed an optimization-based approach that uses the improved Resilient Propagation without weight-backtracking (iRprop-) for estimating the kinematic parameters using only the position data of the robot. Even though a calibration path is suggested to be used in the calibration procedure, the OptiOdom method is not path-specific. In the experiments performed, the OptiOdom was tested using four different robots on a square, arbitrary, and suggested calibration paths. The OptiTrack motion capture system was used as a ground-truth. Overall, the use of OptiOdom led to improvements in the odometry accuracy (in terms of maximum distance and absolute orientation errors over the path) over the existent literature while being a generalized approach to the odometry calibration problem. The OptiOdom and the methods from the literature implemented in the article are available in GitHub as an open-source repository.
2022
Autores
Lima, J; Pinto, VH; Moreira, AP; Costa, P;
Publicação
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMOUS ROBOT SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIONS (ICARSC)
Abstract
Motion control is an important task in several areas, such as robotics where the angular position and speed should be acquired, usually with encoders. For slow angular speeds, an error is introduced spoiling the measurement. In this paper there will be proposed two new methodologies, that when combined allow to increase the precision whereas reducing the error, even on transient velocities. The two methodologies Variable Acquisition Window and a Quadrature Phase Compensation are addressed and combined simultaneously. A real implementation of the proposed algorithms is performed on a real hardware, with a DC motor and a low resolution encoder based on hall effect. The results validate the proposed approach since the errors are reduced compared with the standard Quadrature Encoder Reading.
2022
Autores
Correia, D; Silva, MF; Moreira, AP;
Publicação
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMOUS ROBOT SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIONS (ICARSC)
Abstract
Teleoperation of autonomous mobile robots (AMR) is relevant in logistics operations to automate repetitive tasks that often result in injuries to the operator. This paper presents an overview of the systems involved in the current teleoperation scheme where these AMRs are present as well as some works and advances that have been done in the high-level teleoperation field.
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