Abstract
In this paper an analytical approach is proposed to solving the Environmental/Economic Dispatch problem (EED). The EED is a multiobjective optimization problem (MOP) that has as objectives to minimize the emissions of pollutants and the total fuel cost of meeting the energy requirements of an electrical power network. The Weighted Sum Method is used for the scalarization of the MOP and therefore to find the whole Pareto front. To solve the obtained quadratic programming problem, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions were used, based on a theoretical condition that allowed us to obtain solutions by solving a system of lineal equations. This strategy was tested on two systems with different number of generators and characteristics. The obtained results were compared with other previously reported elsewhere, showing some evident advantages of our proposal.

Abstract
An AC arc furnace is an unbalanced, non-linear and time-varying load, which can cause many power quality problems to the electric network inside the plant and in its electrical vicinity. Although different studies addressing harmonics and flicker analyses on arc furnaces can be found in the bibliography, it is very difficult obtain an exact model that considers all the parameters that influence the process, and therefore it is necessary to obtain actual measurements under different conditions. This paper presents measurement results for harmonic distortion, flicker and unbalance obtained over three different measurement campaigns on an iron and steel industry (SNL), as well as the pertinent conclusions. Measurement campaigns were performed on an AC arc furnace of 83 MW (170 TM) with a 120 MVA transformer connected by a ‘dirty’ 220 kV line (55 km) to the Substation of Carregado, where other feeders supply industrial and domestic consumers. Finally, the dynamic behaviour of an SVC will be analysed and compared to that of a STATCOM by means of simulation studies.

Abstract
The main objective of this paper consists in presenting a survey of voltage sags and short interruptions in different places along the geography of Galicia measured throughout two years. Effects and the possible solutions of the voltage sags and short interruptions in one industrial installation, PSA-Vigo, that produce cars, are also addressed. Finally, we will establish the corresponding conclusions.

Abstract
This work proposes a method to calculate the short- circuit currents in unbalanced three-phase power distribution systems with distributed generation (DG) from non- and renewable energy resources. It takes into account the physical and operational features of four different types of DGs: synchronous, induction, photovoltaic and double-fed induction generator (DFIG). The DG formulations depend upon the connection type that can be directly coupling to the power grid or by using electronic converters or coupling transformers. The proposed method uses the bus impedance matrix with Kron reduction for each generator and superposition conception in the short-circuit current calculation. The results are achieved under a real-work unbalanced distribution network with 135 buses providing typical values of the short-circuit current that are compared with values from commercial software in the evaluation of the proposed methodology.

Abstract
There is a large consensus on the importance of human behaviour on the energy performance of buildings. Energy policy orientations consistently take into account the importance of the building stock in the overall energy use by societies. Existing buildings are specially challenging, as reliable diagnoses are required to take appropriate action towards comfort and energy efficiency. Managers also play a determinant role in building performance, either on investment decisions in technology or on the building operation. Middle-out agents may determine effective energy use options and positively influence behaviours at both levels, top management and occupants. Interdisciplinary cooperation amongst members of research teams is required for energy-efficient building design, coping simultaneously with technological and behavioural issues and their interrelations, privileging occupant-centred approaches.

Abstract
This paper introduces the critical need to report reliability performance metrics by distinguishing between different customer-groups, load demand and network types, within very large service areas managed by distribution network operators. Based on various factors, power distribution systems supplying residential demand are categorised in this study into rural, suburban and urban networks. An enhanced time-sequential Monte Carlo simulation procedure is used to carry out reliability assessment for each subsector, enabling disaggregation of reliability indices typically reported for the whole supplied system. Realistic distribution network modelling is achieved by the addition of smart grid technologies such as photovoltaic energy, demand side response and energy storage, to assess their impacts in different networks. Finally, both system and customer-oriented indices, measuring the frequency and duration of interruptions, as well as energy not supplied, are evaluated for a comprehensive analysis.