Abstract
Water scarcity is currently a concerning problem and is likely to worsen in the future. To address this issue, it is essential that water used in human activities is treated before being reused or returned to nature. Wastewater is processed in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which are complex structures that consume a considerable amount of resources and need to operate optimally. Many authors have proposed computational methodologies to optimize WWTPs, and each work has different approaches and characteristics, but most have in common the lack of concern with maximizing sustainability, in its broadest definition. Furthermore, even when sustainability is considered, it is typically addressed in an indirect or superficial manner, rather than being treated as a central objective. This paper provides a critical literature review of computational methodologies that, in some way, focus on improving the sustainability of WWTPs. Considering the target of the paper, this review aims to answer the following main questions: (1) What are the general objectives of the proposed works? (2) In which locations/phases of the treatment process are the proposed techniques applied? (3) What are the main methodologies and performance metrics used in the proposed techniques? The review identifies a strong focus on optimizing aeration in biological reactors, limited holistic and real-time optimization across WWTP stages, and sparse integration of sustainability metrics, especially for environmental and social impacts. Future research should prioritize the development of real-time, multi-objective optimization frameworks that encompass all WWTP stages and fully integrate economic, environmental, and social sustainability dimensions.

Abstract
This paper studies the process of cutting steel bars in a truck suspension factory with the objective of reducing its inventory costs and material losses. A mathematical model is presented that focuses on decisions for a medium-term horizon (4 periods of 2 months). This approach addresses the one-dimensional 3-level integrated lot sizing and cutting stock problem, considering demand, inventory costs and stock level limits for bars (objects-level 1), springs (items-level 2) and spring bundles (final products-level 3), as well as the acquisition of bars as a decision variable. The solution to the proposed mathematical model is reached through an optimization package, using column generation along with a method for achieving integer solutions. The results obtained with real data demonstrate that the method provides significantly better solutions than those carried out at the company, whilst using reduced computational time. Additionally, the application of tests with random data enabled the analysis of both the effect of varying parameters in the solution, which provides managerial insights, and the overall performance of the method.

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) panels serve as a standard solution for the collection of solar energy. The flat photovoltaic solar plate design has been the most adopted by the market for its ease of installation. However, this design faces limitations due to geometric constraints and the sun's trajectory through the day. Inspiration was drawn from nature to overcome these limitations by utilizing the tridimensional hexagonal shape observed in honeycomb structures. The used approach aimed to explore a novel design that can reduce the constraints of flat PV panels while maximizing energy output. The unique 3D arrangement of the hexagonal pyramid enables the installation of mirrors inside to ease the reflection of photons and to increase energy production compared to flat panels. Furthermore, this design presents an opportunity to incorporate a water capture and heating system, thereby increasing the system's overall usage.

Abstract
Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) is a concept that promotes the reduction of energy consumption in buildings by applying energy efficiency measures. The energy supply for the remaining demand should only come from sources with low CO2 emissions. Despite abundant research on NZEB for new buildings, only a small number of studies address its application to those already existing. This study aims to bridge this research gap by organizing the proposed methods to transform existing buildings into NZEB. The research method is a systematic literature review covering the methodological development and the application of the concept. We conducted a bibliometric and Scientometric analysis of 117 articles and a content analysis of 48 of them. The results highlighted that the methods identified follow similar stages: (i) planning, (ii) data collection, (iii) pre-design, (iv) design, and (v) delivery. The sub-stage with the highest frequency (88%) was the presentation of the efficiency measure package, making it an essential step in the transformation process. The review did not find specific topics, such as equipment listing and performance, occupant engagement, and charrette design. Finally, the study established guidelines for future research.

Abstract
Digital Transformation Models (DTM) and Digital Maturity Models (DMM) are two artefacts that guide the planning and implementation of Digital Transformation (DT) initiatives. When used in a combined approach, a DTM-DMM pairing could support DT managers and practitioners, as DTs are holistic and complex initiatives with high failure rates. However, no study has yet systematically addressed the compatibility amongst artefacts. This paper, therefore, aims to analyse the compatibility between academic DTMs and DMMs. Based on architectural compatibility and conceptual similarity, we provide a structured and replicable mixed methods approach to assessing artefact compatibility. To achieve this, we start with a systematic literature review to identify existing academic DTMs and DMMs, analyse the models and group them according to their scope. After, we employ quantitative similarity analysis techniques (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers combined with Cosine Similarity) and perform a qualitative compatibility analysis to establish ground truth. Based on this analysis, we apply the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve technique to define threshold values for compatibility assessment. The threshold values were used to suggest compatible DTM-DMM pairings, resulting in nine DTM-DMM binomials for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. The findings support managers and practitioners in selecting DTM-DMM pairs to guide DT initiatives while offering academics a mixed-methods approach based on the similarity analysis field to evaluate artefact compatibility systematically. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

Abstract
This paper contributes to developing a Method for Creating Persona Templates (MCPT), addressing a significant gap in user-centred design methodologies. Utilising qualitative data collection and analysis techniques, MCPT offers a systematic approach to developing robust and context-oriented persona templates. MCPT was created by applying the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, and it incorporates multiple iterations for template refinement and validation among project stakeholders; all of the proposed steps of this method were based on theoretical contributions. Furthermore, MCPT was tested and refined within a real-life R&D project focusing on developing a digital platform e-marketplace for short agrifood supply chains in two iteration cycles. MCPT fills a critical void in persona research by providing detailed instructions for each step of template development. By involving the target audience, users, and project stakeholders, MCPT adds rigour to the persona creation process, enhancing the quality and relevance of personae casts. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by offering an initial proposal of a comprehensive method for creating persona templates within diverse projects and contexts. Further research should explore MCPT's adaptability to different settings and projects, thus refining its effectiveness and extending its utility in user-centred design practices.