Abstract
It is presented a promising approach to test interactive components, supporting the automatic generation of test cases from a specification. The relevance and difficulties (issues and challenges) associated with the testing of interactive components are first presented. It is shown that a formal specification with certain characteristics allows the automatic generation of test cases while solving some of the issues presented. The approach is illustrated with an example of automatic testing of the conformity between the implementation of a button, in the .Net framework, and a specification, written in the AsmL language, using the AsmL Tester tool.The conclusion discusses the characteristics of the tool and gives directions for future work.

Abstract
The PhDOOS workshop differs from other workshops because the range of participants is much smaller (only PhD students) but has a wide scope of topics. Even with the limitation to PhD students in Object Oriented Systems, the presentations covered topics such as Generic Ownership, Generic Algorithms, Model Driven Architecture, Prediction of Size, QoS assessment, Frameworks, Teaching of Frameworks and Object Calculus. Several topics of shared interest were identified and targeted in separate discussion groups on a general theme on the future of object oriented programming. As the participants had various research interests covering very different parts of the OO spectrum, we can confidently state that these topics reflect actual concerns and needs of the OO community, and emerge from its concrete needs. This document is to be complemented by a workshop proceedings online document which will contain the full versions of the presented papers.

Abstract
Finding one's way around an unfamiliar city can be a major challenge. While maps can provide a very good abstract representation of our world, and a simple and efficient way to navigate within that world, they are of little use when, for example, the absence of road signs prevents us from locating where we are on the map. Mobile devices offer the potential for providing relevant 3D information to enable us to locate ourselves, rapidly navigate around an unfamiliar environment and explore it interactively. However, mobile devices are constrained by resources such as bandwidth, storage and small displays. In this paper we investigate which is the most important visual information for position location within an unfamiliar urban environment and show how we can use this knowledge to provide a perceptually high quality 3D virtual environment on existing mobile devices. Copyright 2004 ACM.

Abstract
The revision process of a Municipal Master Plan has a sequence of several steps that are to be executed. One of these steps, public discussion, is of great democratic importance as it allows citizens to actively participate in the management of the municipality through proposals and public debates taking place at a specific time and location in accordance to a previously published agenda. With such a process running at Oporto's municipality, and with the aim of reaching as much citizens as possible through the removal of spatial and temporal constrains, an effort was made to develop an electronic service for citizens, to complement the usual methods of public participation. In this paper(1) we present the results of such service.

Abstract
In the global market, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) face increasing competition from large corporations for the control of the more profitable business areas. These corporations compensate for their lower agility and flexibility with easier access to information, resources and economies of scale. The virtual enterprise model of a business organization is thus often seen as one of the best strategic moves for SMEs to achieve a global reach without compromising their independence. This emerging business paradigm certainly brings new challenges to many areas of the enterprise, one of which is the quality assurance of external processes and contracted products and services. This paper introduces and discusses the issue of quality assurance within the scope of virtual and networked enterprises, and presents a novel methodology for the integration of quality management into enterprise modelling and for quality certification of the virtual enterprise. This is especially important because quality certification is becoming mandatory in nearly all markets and the well-established certification methods do not cover all the aspects of the virtual enterprise. ISO 9001:2000, the most widely used quality management system standard in the world, is presented as an interesting starting point for virtual enterprise quality management system implementation and certification. Further requirements include broadening the scope of the quality management system to include the whole enterprise life cycle, i.e. from its creation to decommission. Current auditing procedures will have to be adapted to this new business environment and, to meet such a requirement, a continuous real-time third-party auditing mechanism-fully integrated into the virtual enterprise--model is proposed. A pilot/simulator, implemented in a small virtual enterprise, in the occupational safety and health-care business, is used to illustrate the new environment as well as the novel requirements that quality systems will have to meet in the future.

Abstract
Within the scope of virtual and networked enterprises, this paper introduces a novel methodology for the integration of quality management into enterprise modeling and allowing for quality certification of the whole enterprise. The ISO 9001:2000 standard is presented as an interesting starting point for the virtual enterprise quality management system implimentation. Quality management systems certification within the scope of ISO 10011 (or even ISO FDIS 19011) is however quite a difficult task. An alternative scenario for certification is therefore proposed.