Abstract
Crohn's disease is one type of inflammatory bowel disease whose incidence is currently increasing, subject to relapse and disabling, with unknown etiology, and usually diagnosed between the second and third decade of life. The aim of this work is to develop a Bayesian network tool to predict disabling and reoperation in patients with Crohn's disease subject to early surgery or immunosuppressors intake. Multi-centric study data from patients with surgery or immunosuppression in the first six months after diagnosis was used, focusing on the prognosis and the analysis of factors' interaction. Patients were grouped by the index episode: immunosuppressors intake, and surgery (stratified considering the use or not of immunosuppressors 6 months after surgery). Patient group was associated with disease behavior, upper gastrointestinal tract location (L4) and age at diagnosis, while disease extent was associated to perianal disease. For disabling, association between perianal disease and gender and location was also found. Association between gender and L4 was also found for reoperation. The cross-validated discriminative power of the models were high for both disabling (above 70%) and reoperation (above 80%). The generated models presented interesting insights on factor interaction and predictive ability for the prognosis, supporting their use in future clinical decision support systems.

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We present a study in the area of sentiment analysis of clients' commentaries transcribed by assistants of a help-desk service of one Portuguese telecommunications company. We have adopted a lexicon-based approach to determine the polarity of the sentiment of each commentary, based on the so called opinion words. This task was by no means easy, as not many tools are available for the Portuguese language. The initial results with the off-the-shelf solutions were rather poor. This has motivated us to carry out a number of enhancements, including, for instance, enriching the given lexicon with domain specific terms, formulating specific rules for negation and amplifiers. Automatic pruning of some of the lexicon terms has led to a significant improvement in performance. As our final system achieved a very good performance, our work should be of interest to others working on domain specific solutions for languages where ready-made solutions are not available.

Abstract
Portugal has become the second most expensive footwear brand manufacturer in the global market in just one decade. How does an offshore-outsourcing provider become a direct competitor with former clients? This study applies a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to 12 Portuguese footwear manufacturers and identifies the underlying factors of the managerial transition from an offshore-outsourcing provider to a direct brand manufacturer. The study finds that the transformation of external knowledge from the client into internal knowledge must occur first. But the decisive factor is the management's recognition that brand creation is a long-term investment and is less risky than remaining dependent on outsourcing. These findings contribute to the understanding of the transition to becoming a direct brand manufacturer.