Abstract
This paper describes a novel framework for real-time sonification of surface textures in virtual reality (VR), aimed towards realistically representing the experience of driving over a virtual surface. A combination of capturing techniques of real-world surfaces are used for mapping 3D geometry, texture maps or auditory attributes (aural and vibrotactile) feedback. For the sonification rendering, we propose the use of information from primarily graphical texture features, to define target units in concatenative sound synthesis. To foster models that go beyond current generation of simple sound textures (e.g., wind, rain, fire), towards highly “synchronized” and expressive scenarios, our contribution draws a framework for higher-level modeling of a bicycle's kinematic rolling on ground contact, with enhanced perceptual symbiosis between auditory, visual and vibrotactile stimuli. We scanned two surfaces represented as texture maps, consisting of different features, morphology and matching navigation. We define target trajectories in a 2-dimensional audio feature space, according to a temporal model and morphological attributes of the surfaces. This synthesis method serves two purposes: a real-time auditory feedback, and vibrotactile feedback induced through playing back the concatenated sound samples using a vibrotactile inducer speaker. Copyright: © 2019 Eduardo Magalhães et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract
Never The Less is a live audio-visual (A/V) networked performance, where participants are able to interact remotely and collaboratively. It adopts the newly-proposed web-based A/V Akson system, designed for an internet infrastructure, which allows both musical and visual content generation and interaction across multiple devices in remote locations. The system was built with great emphasis on live-performance and human collaboration, where experts and non-experts (i.e., artists and public) exist at the same level.

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The deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) in industry, called the Industrial IoT (IIoT), is supporting the introduction of very desirable improvements, such as increasing production flexibility, self-organization, and real-time and quick response to events. However, security and privacy challenges are still to be well addressed. The IIoT requires different properties to achieve secure and reliable systems and these requirements create extra challenges considering the limited processing and communication power available to IIoT field devices. In this research article, we present a key distribution protocol for IIoT that is computationally and communicationally lightweight (requires a single message exchange) and handles node addition and revocation, as well as fast rekeying. The scheme can also resist the consequences of node capture attacks (we assume that captured nodes can be detected by the gateway and previous works have shown this assumption to be acceptable in practice), server impersonation attacks and provides forward/backward secrecy. We show formally the correctness of our protocol and evaluate its energy consumption under realistic scenarios using a real embedded platform compared to previous state-of-theart key-exchange protocols, to show our protocol reliability for IIoT.