Abstract
Waist circumference (WC) has been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. We aim to develop WC references for age and gender in youngsters in Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal (RAM). A cross-sectional study was developed in two phases. Between May 2004 and May 2005 (in 1st cycle schools) and between October 2007 and June 2009 (in 2nd and 3rd cycle, and secondary and professional schools). A representative sample of 6987 individuals was gathered, with 3532 girls and 3455 boys aged from 6 to 18 years old. WC was measured with a non-elastic tape at the midpoint between the iliac crest and the last rib. To elaborate smoothed percentiles and z-scores curves for age and gender, values were estimated between 72 and 225 months (every three months) using the LMS statistical procedure, with the exponent of the Box-Cox (L), the median (M), and coefficient of variation generalized (S) through LMSChartMaker software, version 2.76. Mean and standard deviation and charts of smoothed percentiles curves (P3, P5, P10, P25, P50, P75, P85, P90, P95 and P97) and z-scores (-2, -1, 0, 1 and 2) are presented by age and gender. These references constitute a new tool to assess cardiometabolic risk of RAM's children and adolescents.

Abstract
Background: Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents has become an important public health concern in the last decades. To study the way mothers and children’s behavioral factors interact with each other, influencing eating and body weight, may provide information to be used in preventive and treatment strategies.Goals: To study the association of mothers’ eating style on their feeding behavior and on their children’s eating behavior.Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with a non-probabilistic sample of mother and child dyads (from three schools). Mothers’ eating behavior (assessed with Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire scale; DEBQ) was classified and they were grouped into three eating styles: restrictive, emotional-external or neutral styles. Mothers’ feeding restriction, pressure to eat and concern about child’s weight were assessed (through the Child Feeding Questionnaire; CFQ). Finally, mothers classified their child’s appetite behaviors (with the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire; CEBQ).Results: Overall, participated 279 mothers, aged between 23 and 59 years (Mean= 38.03 years, SD=5.09) and respective children (n=279), aged between 6 and 13 years (Mean= 9.43 years, SD= 1.35), 140 of those were females (50.2 %). Associations between mothers’ eating style, their feeding behaviors and children’s appetite traits showed that restrictive and emotional-external eating mothers had higher scores of CFQ and CEBQ items related with obesity, when compared to neutral eating style mothers. Mothers’ feeding restriction and children’s weight concern associated positively with children’s food approach behaviors (enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, emotional over-eating), and negatively with food avoidance behaviors (satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating). On the contrary, pressure to eat associated positively with food avoidance behaviors and negatively with food approach behaviors. Mother´s concern about child weight and feeding restriction were positively associated with CEBQ subscales that reflect food approach and negatively associated with subscales that reflect food avoidance. Pressure to eat had the symmetric associations. Discussion: Results support the hypothesis of the transmission of eating behaviors that promote obesity from mothers to children, and have implications both for prevention and children and adolescents’ obesity treatment. Therefore, mothers should be a part of the intervention when treating their children obesity

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Abstract

Abstract
As video games arc developing fast, many users issue queries related to video games in a daily fashion. While there Were a few attempts to understand their behavior, little is known on how the video game-related searches are done. Digesting and analyzing this search behavior may thus be faced as an important contribution for search engines to provide better results and search services for their users. To overcome this lack of knowledge and to gain more insight into how video game searches are done, we analyze in this paper, a number of game search queries submitted to a general search engine named Parsijoo. The analysis conducted was performed on top of 372,508 game search records extracted from the query logs within 253,516 different search sessions. Different aspects of video game searches are studied, including, their temporal distribution, game version specification. popular game categories, popular game platforms, game search sessions and clicked pages. Overall, the experimental analysis on video game searches shows that the current retrieval methods used by traditional search engines cannot be applied for game searches, thus, different retrieval and search services should be considered for these searches in the future.

Abstract
Old documents tend to be difficult to be analyzed and understood, not only for average users but oftentimes for professionals as well. This is due to the context shift, vocabulary evolution and, in general, the lack of precise knowledge about the writing styles in the past. We propose a concept of positioning document in the context of its time, and develop an interactive system to support such an objective. Our system helps users to know whether the vocabulary used by an author in the past were frequent at the time of text creation, whether the author used anachronisms or neologisms, and so on. It also enables detecting terms in text that underwent considerable semantic change and provides more information on the nature of such change. Overall, the proposed tool offers additional knowledge on the writing style and vocabulary choice in documents by drawing from data collected at the time of their creation or at other user-specified time.