Abstract
Rationale and Objectives: Computer-aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed in the past two decades to assist radiologists in the detection and diagnosis of lesions seen on breast imaging exams, thus providing a second opinion. Mammographic databases play an important role in the development of algorithms aiming at the detection and diagnosis of mammary lesions. However, available databases often do not take into consideration all the requirements needed for research and study purposes. This article aims to present and detail a new mammographic database. Materials and Methods: Images were acquired at a breast center located in a university hospital (Centro Hospitalar de S. Joao [CHSJ], Breast Centre, Porto) with the permission of the Portuguese National Committee of Data Protection and Hospital's Ethics Committee. MammoNovation Siemens full-field digital mammography, with a solid-state detector of amorphous selenium was used. Results: The new database-INbreast-has a total of 115 cases (410 images) from which 90 cases are from women with both breasts affected (four images per case) and 25 cases are from mastectomy patients (two images per case). Several types of lesions (masses, calcifications, asymmetries, and distortions) were included. Accurate contours made by specialists are also provided in XML format. Conclusion: The strengths of the actually presented database-INbreast-relies on the fact that it was built with full-field digital mammograms (in opposition to digitized mammograms), it presents a wide variability of cases, and is made publicly available together with precise annotations. We believe that this database can be a reference for future works centered or related to breast cancer imaging.

Abstract
Current evaluation methods either rely heavily on reference information manually annotated or, by completely avoiding human input, provide only a rough evaluation of the performance of video object tracking algorithms. The main objective of this paper is to present a novel approach to the problem of evaluating video object tracking algorithms. It is proposed the use different types of reference information and the combination of heterogeneous metrics for the purpose of approximating the ideal error. This will enable a significant decrease of the required reference information, thus bridging the gap between metrics with different requirements concerning this type of data. As a result, evaluation frameworks can aggregate the benefits from individual approaches while overcoming their weaknesses, providing a flexible and powerful tool to assess and characterize the behavior of the tracking algorithms.

Abstract
In this paper we present a complete system for object tracking over multiple uncalibrated cameras with or without overlapping fields of view. We employ an approach based on the bag-of-visterms technique to represent and match tracked objects. The tracks are compared with a global object model based on an ensemble of individual object models. The system can globally recognise objects and minimise common tracking problems such as track drift or split. The output is a timeline representing the objects present in a given multi-camera scene. The methods employed in the system are online and can be optimized to operate in real-time.

Abstract
This paper describes the analysis and design of a tablet-based gaming platform for seniors that promotes their quality-of-life and well-being by incorporating cognitive training mechanisms. A literature review of age-related changes and games for seniors indicated 'casual games' have the characteristics necessary to provide an enjoyable user experience for the senior audience. Having concluded that these games should target cognitive stimulation, the authors analysed mechanisms to achieve this purpose and compiled them into a matrix to be used as a starting point for the games design process. In parallel, the authors also gathered seniors' preferences and requirements regarding games, through observations and a game book. Low-, medium-, and high-fidelity prototypes for a gaming cognitive platform were developed, evaluated with end-users, and iteratively improved. Results showed that seniors easily interacted with the platform and were willing to use it in the future. Results and experience led to the identification of 10 rules of thumb that can be beneficial if applied to related projects. This paper concludes by identifying exciting areas for future research and development. © 2012 ACM.

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women in Portugal. Due to its relation to an increase in distant metastasis and subsequent death, loco-regional relapse is one major concern in breast cancer women. Several classic prognostic factors as tumour size, nodal stage, histological grade, HER2 status and hormonal receptors have been identified as the most important factors for determining loco-regional relapse, disease free and overall survival. However, there is heterogeneity in prognosis and tumor behaviour in patients with identical disease staging and a similar pattern of expression of known molecular markers, hence the need to discover new prognostic factors. One of the possibilities is P-cadherin, already described by researchers as a possible independent marker of prognosis in breast cancer. The aim of this work was to study in a retrospective series of patients the correlation of P-cadherin expression with loco-regional recurrence in breast cancer women. Material and methods: We analyzed the clinical records of 1432 consecutive patients with breast cancer and treated in a University Hospital over a 10 year period. Patients with loco-regional relapse (n=101) without prior or simultaneous distant disease were selected as case group. Control group consisted of patients with more than 10 years follow-up and without disease progression. For both groups demographic, clinical, pathological and molecular markers were analyzed. Tissue micro-arrays were constructed to study P-cadherin expression from 86 tumors with available paraffin embedded blocks. Results: Mean time to recurrence was 41 months and mean survival time after recurrence was 33 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 55%. Tumour size, nodal status and histological grade were identified as independent markers of prognosis. P-cadherin was associated with higher histological grades and hormone negative tumours. P-cadherin was identified as an independent prognostic marker for disease free survival, but not for overall survival. Conclusion: P-cadherin was related to other known factors of worse prognosis and had an independent relation to disease-free survival. P-cadherin might constitute a novel therapeutic target, but its real biological value is yet to be determined. Doubt persists whether it is an independent marker of tumour behaviour or only a surrogate marker of a set of clinical and molecular features related with worse prognosis.

Abstract